정조 2년(1778) 영조･진종의 祔廟와 禘의 기록

Abstract

This study examines the documentation of the ancestral rites conducted for King Yeongjo and King Jinjong, known as ‘Dì(禘)’ in the second year of King Jeongjo's reign. ‘Dì(禘)’ and ‘Xiá(祫)’ were ceremonies of higher significance than the Five Grand Sacrificial Rites(五享大祭), for the royal ancestral shrine. During the early years of the Joseon Dynasty when national rituals were being organized, the regime did not attempt to implement the ‘Dì(禘)’ as they considered it to be the rule of the emperor and did not seek to carry it out. However, when it came to the ‘Xiá(祫)’, it was partially developed during the early years of the Joseon Dynasty, ‘Five Rites’ as recorded in the <Annals of King Sejong>. Eventually, when the <Analysis of Gukjo-Oryeeui> were established, ‘Xiá(祫)’ was excluded from the list of subjects, leading to the complete disappearance of ‘Xiá(祫)’ from the national ritual items in Joseon. However, during the preparations for the enshrinement rites of King Yeongjo and Jinjong at the royal ancestral shrine in the 2nd year of King Jeongjo’s reign, King Jeongjo personally reviewed the sacrificial texts that would be used during the ancestral rites and, in doing so, discovered the character ‘禘’ used to refer to the enshrinement rites for King Yeongjo and Jinjong. King Jeongjo pointed out that the character ‘禘’ should not be used and insisted on making corrections. However, by the 18th century, various theoretical analyses regarding ‘Dì(禘)･Xiá(祫)’ had been conducted, and King Jeongjo himself was aware that theoretically, the ancestral rites could be expressed using the character ‘禘’ or ‘祫’. This can be confirmed through the <Noroanhaejeon> and <Gyeongsa Gangui>. However, King Jeongjo, in his role as the leader of the national rituals, expressed that he couldn’t dare to use the character ‘禘’ in order to personally embody the teachings of Confucius in the conduct of state ceremonies. As a result, by describing the ancestral rites of the 2nd year of King Jeongjo’s reign as both ‘禘’ and ‘祫’ in the <Ilseongrok> and <Jeongjosillok>, it can be seen that King Jeongjo’s scholarly orientation and understanding are both clearly documented through these records.