일반화된 신뢰의 근원: 동아시아로부터의 증거
Sources of Generalized Trust: Evidence from East Asia
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초록
본 논문에서는 이전에 만난 적이 없는 낯선 사람들에 확대된 신뢰의 근원에 초점을 두 고 개인수준에서 사회적 상호작용과 국가제도의 질이 일반화된 신뢰에 주는 영향을 비 교 분석하였다. 아시아바로미터 3차 조사 자료를 국가별로 분석한 결과 동아시아 국가 들의 경우 일반화된 신뢰의 생성과 관련해 사회적 상호작용의 수준과 정부제도의 질의 역할이 모두 제한적이며 특히 사회자본론의 주장과 달리 사회적 네트워크의 영향은 미 미한 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 일반적 패턴 내에서 정부의 준법성은 대체로 일반화된 신뢰의 형성에 기여하지만 이러한 정부를 담보해 주는 정치적 문책제도는 직접적인 역 할을 하지 못하는 것으로 나타났다. 동아시아의 증거는 법치주의 특히, 준법정부의 존재 가 만난 적이 없는 낯선 사람들에게 신뢰를 확대하는데 있어 중요한 제도적 조건일 수 있음을 시사하고 있다.
Abstract
In this paper we examine sources of generalized trust as a key component of social capital. We contrast two competing accounts for generalized trust and explore their individual-level implications in the context of East Asia. The analysis shows that social interaction and institutions play a limited role in the generation of generalized trust. Contrary to the social capita thesis, social networks have a negligible influence. In contrast, key features of “good government” such as government law-abidingness consistently contribute to generalized trust. However, institutions of accountability which ultimately ensure “good government” have no independent influence. East Asian evidence suggests that rule of law, especially official law-abidingness is one of the important institutional conditions for the development of generalized trust.
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