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작은 복지국가 연구: 성과, 한계 그리고 연구 방향의 제시

Small Welfare States in the US, Japan, and South Korea: A Literature Review

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주제분류행정학

초록

이 글은 작은 복지국가 (the small welfare state)라고 부를 수 있는 한국, 일본 그리고 미국의 복지국가와 사회정책에 대한 기존 이론의 성과와 한계를 분석하고, 앞으로의 연구방향을 제시하고자 하는 비평논문(review article)이다. 작은 복지국가는 ‘작은 정부’(small governemt)와 유사한 개념으로, 사회복지 분야에서 공공복지의 규모가 작고 사회보장 프로그램의 발달이 더딘 복지국가를 지칭한다. 그동안 복지국가와 사회정책 연구는 주로 스웨덴, 독일 등 주로 복지국가 건설의 역사가 길고, 공공복지의 규모가 크며, 다양한 프로그램이 발전한 유럽의 큰 복지국가 (big welfare state)를 중심으로 이루어져 왔다. 이 논문은 ‘선진’ 복지국가의 발전 이론이 작은 복지국가를 이해하는 데는 도움이 되지만 충분할 수 없다는 반성을 토대로, 작은 복지국가에 대한 기존 이론들을 비평하고 향후 연구 방향을 제시한다.

Abstract

This review focuses on the achievement and limitation of the exiting literature on the ‘small’ welfare state in the US, Japan, and South Korea. As in the concept of the small government, the small welfare state refers to a welfare state that is characterized by low social expenditure and underdeveloped social security programs. Previously, studies on the welfare state and social policy were based on European ‘big’ welfare states such as Sweden and Germany. This review highlights that more adequate understanding is possible through a critical review of the existing theories and by elucidating the common traits of the three countries.

참고문헌 (57)

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