본문 바로가기
KERD
논문KCI 등재

복지국가의 변화과정과 전략에 관한 비교연구

A Comparative Study of Welfare State Changes and Strategies

0

조회

0

다운로드

11

인용

0

참고문헌

키워드

초록

본 연구의 목적은 크게 두 가지로 구분된다. 하나는 노동시장과 복지제도의 관계를 중심으로 주요 복지국가의 변화과정과 전략을 탐색하는 것이고, 다른 하나는 서구 복지국가들과의 비교 속에서 최근 급격한 정치·경제·인구학적 변화를 경험하고 있는 동아시아 복지체제의 유형화 가능성을 모색하는 것이다. 특히 기존 지표의 한계를 극복하고 동아시아 국가를 포함함으로써 발생하는 방법론적-이론적 적절성 논쟁에 대응하기 위해, 복지국가의 다차원적 측면을 반영하였고 이념형 분석 방법을 활용하여 복지국가의 변화 정도와 방향 및 주요 전략을 분석하였다. 그 결과, 스웨덴이나 미국과 같은 일부 국가들은 전통적인 기존의 복지제공 방식을 유지해 왔으나, 대부분의 국가들은 노동-복지의 결합방식과 변화 전략에 나름의 고유한 제도적 결합방식을 가지고 있는 것으로 확인되었다. 특히 동아시아 복지국가들은 하나의 유형으로 수렴되지 않는 양상과 전략을 보이는데, 한국은 법적 고용보호 정도를 감소시키는 전략을 활용하여 자유주의 복지국가의 속성으로 변화하는 반면, 일본은 다소 혼재되고 차별적인 속성을 보이며 보다 평등한 임금소득 구축의 노력을 주된 변화의 전략으로 활용하고 있다. 이처럼 복지국가의 변화에는 단일한 변인만으로는 확인할 수 없는 다양한 변화의 과정과 전략이 존재하며, 이념형 분석은 복지국가 변화의 수렴과 분화 및 다차원성을 동시에 고려할 수 있다는 점에서 국가 간 비교연구에 유용한 방법이라 할 수 있다.

Abstract

The principal objective of this study was to explore the changes and strategies of welfare states based on the welfare-labor nexus, and to assess the possibility of categorizing the East Asian welfare regime. This study reflected multi-dimensional aspects of welfare states and assessed the extent of the relevant changes using ideal-type analysis based on a fuzzy-set approach to overcome or circumvent existing methodological–theoretical limitations. As a result of this analysis, most countries were shown to have their own systematic combination of welfare-labor nexus and changing strategies, whereas Sweden and US have maintained traditional characteristics of welfare programs. In particular, East Asian countries exhibit divergent patterns of change and strategies that cannot be converged into a single category. Whereas Korea has changed into a liberal welfare state using a strategy designed to lower the level of employment protection legislation, Japan has mainly utilized a wage inequality design, which employs some hybrid and unique features.

참고문헌 (80)

  1. 김교성, "복지국가의 변화에 대한 이념형 분석 : 신사회위험의 등장과 사회투자전략의 모색", 한국사회복지조사연구, 25, pp.31~54 (2010), 사회복지연구소
  2. 김교성, "복지국가의 변화 측정을 위한 새로운 시도", 한국사회복지학, 62(1), pp.5~30 (2010), 한국사회복지학회
  3. 김성욱, "복지국가의 변화 및 조세구조와의 관계", 박사, pp.2010
  4. 김연명, "동아시아 복지체제론의 재검토 : 복지체제 유형 비교의 방법론적 문제와 동아시아 복지체제 유형화의 가능성", 사회복지정책, (20), pp.133~154 (2004), 한국사회복지정책학회
  5. 김연명, "동아시아 사회복지의 예외성?: 동아시아 사회복지의 최근 변화와 전망", 아세아연구, 54(1), pp.7~22 (2011), 아세아문제연구소
  6. 김종일, "복지에서 노동으로 : 노동중심적 복지국가의 비판적 이해" (2004), 일신사
  7. 김종일, "대륙복지국가의 활성화정책 추이에 관한 퍼지 집합 이념형 분석, 2000-2007", 사회보장연구, 26(2), pp.253~284 (2010), 한국사회보장학회
  8. 남궁현, "세계화시대 조세경쟁, 현실인가 신화(神話)인가? 선진 민주주의 국가의 자본의 조세부담률에 대한 경험적 분석", 한국정치학회보, 42(3), pp.333~358 (2008), 한국정치학회
  9. 남찬섭, "복지개혁 및 복지체제 성격논쟁의 논점과 향후 논의방향", 사회복지정책, (14), pp.9~26 (2002), 한국사회복지정책학회
  10. 남찬섭, "동아시아 사회복지 연구" (2007), 공동체
  11. 백승호, "분배조정과 생산조정의 제도적 상보성에 관한 비교사회정책연구: 소득 불평등에 미친 영향을 중심으로", 한국사회복지학, 57(4), pp.91~118 (2005), 한국사회복지학회
  12. 손호철, "한국의 산업화가 노동과 복지체제에 미친 영향", 사회과학연구, 12(2), pp.162~183 (2004), 사회과학연구소
  13. 안재흥, "생산레짐과 복지국가체제 상호연계의 정치: 이론적 논의와 스웨덴 노사관계 사례의 분석", 한국정치학회보, 38(5), pp.391~416 (2004), 한국정치학회
  14. 양재진, "구조조정과 사회복지: 발전국가 사회복지 패러다임의 붕괴와 김대중 정부의 과제", 한국정치학회보, 35(1), pp.211~231 (2001)
  15. 유경준, "임금소득불평등도의 분해 및 원인분석", KDI 정책연구, 20(3), pp.223~260 (1998)
  16. 정무권, "김대중정부의 복지개혁과 한국 복지제도의 성격 논쟁에 대하여 ln 한국복지국가 성격 논쟁Ⅰ" (2002), 인간과 복지
  17. 최경수, "노동시장 유연화의 고용효과 분석" (2001), KDI
  18. 홍경준, "노동시장 제도, 임금분산, 그리고 복지정책", 한국사회복지학, 59(4), pp.297~317 (2007), 한국사회복지학회
  19. 황선자, "세계화와 제도: 노동시장제도와 복지제도를 중심으로", 한국노총 연구총서, 12 (2007)
  20. Albrecht, J, "A Matching Model with Endogenous Skill Requirements", International Economic Review, 43, pp.283~305 (2002)
  21. Amable,B, "Is there an Institutional Base of the New Economy? In The New Economy in Transatlantic Perspective" (2002), Routledge
  22. Atkinson,A, "A Critique of the Transatlantic Consensus on Rising Income Inequality", The World Economy, 24(2), pp.433~452 (2001)
  23. Brandolini, A, "Inequality Patterns in Western Democracies: Cross- Country Differences and Changes over time ln Democracy, Inequality and Representation: a comparative perspective" (2008), Russel Sage Foundation
  24. Bonoli,G, "Too narrow and too wide at once: the ‘welfare state’ as dependent variable in policy analysis. In Investigating Welfare State Change: The ‘Dependent Variable Problem’ in Comparative Analysis" (2007), Edward Elgar
  25. Card,D, "The Effect of Unions on Wage Inequality in the U.S. Labor Market", Industrial and Labor Relations review, 54, pp.296~315 (2001)
  26. Castles,F.G, "The Working Class and Welfare: Reflections on the Political Development of the Welfare State in Australia and New Zealand, 1980-1980" (1985), Allen and Unwin
  27. Castles,F.G, "The Future of the Welfare State: Crisis Myths and Crisis Realities" (2004), Oxford University Press
  28. Castles, F. G, "Three world of Welfare Capitalism or Four?. In Families of Nations: Public Policy in Western Democracies" (1993), Dartmouth
  29. Clasen, J, "Comparative welfare state analysis and the ‘dependent variable problem’. In Investigating Welfare State Change: The ‘Dependent Variable Problem’ in Comparative Analysis." (2007), Edward Elgar
  30. Clayton, R, "Welfare-State Retrenchment revisited: Entitlement Cuts, Public Sector Restructuring and Inegalitarian Trends in Advanced Capitalist Societies", World Politics, 51(1), pp.67~98 (1998)
  31. De Deken, J, "Social expenditure under scrutiny: the problems of using aggregate spending data for assessing welfare state dynamics. In Investigating Welfare State Change: The ‘Dependent Variable Problem’ in Comparative Analysis" (2007), Edward Elgar
  32. De Groot, A. J, "Labour Market Effects of Flexicurity From a Regional Perspective", Tijdschrift voor Economische en Sociale Geografie, 101(4), pp.392~408 (2009)
  33. Ebbinghaus, B, "Comparing Welfare Capitalism: Social Policy and Political Economy in Europe" (2001), Japan and U.S.A. Routledge
  34. "ESPAnet Conference 2007 Stream 6: Multidimensionality in the Analysis of Welfare States"[URL]
  35. Esping-Andersen,G, "The Three Worlds of Welfare Capitalism" (1990), Cambridge: Polity
  36. Esping-Andersen, G, "After the Goldern Age? Welfare State Dilemmas in a Global Economy. In Welfare States in Transition: National adaptations in Global Economies" (1996), SAGE Publication
  37. Esping-Andersen,G, "Hybrid or Unique: The Japanese Welfare State between Europe and America", Journal of European Social Policy, 7(3), pp.179~189 (1997)
  38. Esping-Andersen,G, "Social Foundation of Postindustrial Economies" (1999), Oxford University Press
  39. Margarita Estevez-Abe, "Welfare and capitalism in postwar Japan" (2008), Cambridge University Press,
  40. Ferrera,M, "The ‘Southern Model’ of Welfare in Social Europe", Journal of European Social Policy, 6, pp.17~37 (1996)
  41. Ferrera, M, "Recalibrating Europe’s Welfare Regimes. In Governing Work and Welfare in a New Economy: European and American Experiments" (2003), Oxford University Press
  42. Neil Gilbert, "Transformation of the welfare state" (2002), Oxford University Press
  43. Goodman, R, "The East Asian Welfare States. In Welfare State in Transition: National Adaptation in Global Economies" (1996), SAGE Publication
  44. Gough,I, "Globalization and Regional Welfare Regime: The East Asian Case", Global Social Policy, 1(2), pp.163~189 (2001)
  45. Goul-Andersen,J, "Ambiguity of welfare state change: Institutions, output and outcomes", paper presented at the ESPAnet Conference (2005)
  46. Green-Pedersen,C, "The dependent variable problem within the study of welfare state retrenchment: defining the problem and looking for solutions", Journal of Comparative Policy Analysis, 6(1), pp.3~14 (2004)
  47. Green-Pedersen,C, "More than data questions and methodological issues: theoretical conceptualization and the dependent variable ‘problem’ in the study of welfare reform. In Investigating Welfare State Change: The ‘Dependent Variable Problem’ in Comparative Analysis" (2007), Edward Elgar
  48. Hill, M, "Taiwan : what kind of social policy regime? In East Asian Welfare Regimes in Transition : From Confucianism to Globalisation" (2005), The Polity Press
  49. Holliday,I, "Productivist Welfare Capitalism: Social Policy in East Asia", Political Studies, 48, pp.706~723 (2000)
  50. Jæger, M. M, "Pressures on State Welfare in Post-industrial Societies: Is more or less better", Social Policy and Administration, 37(6), pp.555~572 (2003)
  51. Jones,C, "The Pacific Challenge: Confusian Welfare State ln New Perspectives on the Welfare State" (1993), Routledge
  52. Katz, L. F, "Changes in the Wage Structure and Earning Inequality. In Handbook of Labor Economics", pp.1463~1559 (1999), Elsevier Science
  53. Kim,Y.M, "The Re-examination of East Asian Welfare Regime: Methodological Problems in Comparing Welfare States and the Possibility of Classifying East Asian Welfare Regimes", paper contributed at the Workshop on East Asian Social Policy (2005), the University of Bath.
  54. Kittel, B, "Political Parties. Institutions and the Dynamics of Social Expenditure in times of Austerity", Journal of European Public Policy, 10(1), pp.20~45 (2003)
  55. K u ¨hner,S, "Country-level comparisons of welfare state change measures: another facet of the dependent variable problem within the comparative analysis of the welfare state", Journal of European Social Policy, 17(1), pp.5~18 (2007)
  56. Kvist,J, "Diversity. ideal types and Fuzzy-sets in comparative welfare state research. In Innovative Comparative Methods of Policy Analysis: Beyond the Quantitative-Qualitative Divide" (2005), Springer
  57. Kvist,J, "Exploring diversity: measuring welfare state change with fuzzy-set methodology. In Investigating Welfare State Change: The ‘Dependent Variable Problem’ in Comparative Analysis" (2007), Edward Elgar
  58. Madsen,P.K, "The Danish models of flexicurity: A Paradise - with some snakes. In Labour Market and Social Protections Reforms in International Perspective: Parallel or Converging Tracks?." (2002), Ashgate
  59. Mares,I, "Great Divergence in social Protection. paper written for conference on Varieties of Capitalism in Asia", Korea University and the East Asia Institute (2005)
  60. Midgley,J, "Industrialisation and welfare: the case of the four little tigers", Social Policy and Administration, 20(7), pp.225~238 (1986)
  61. Milanovic, B, "Does Tariff Liberalization Increase Wage Inequality?: Some Empirical Evidence. In Globalization and Poverty" (2007), University of Chicago Press
  62. Mishra,R, "The Welfare State in Crisis: Social Thought and Social Change" (1981), Palgrave Macmillan
  63. Miyamoto,T, "Dymanics of the Japanese Welfare State in Comparative Perspective: Between ‘Three Worlds’ and the Development State", The Japanese Journal of Social Security Policy, 2(2), pp.12~24 (2003)
  64. O’Connor,J, "The Fiscal Crisis of the State" (1973), St. Martin’s Press
  65. Employment Outlook, "OECD", OECD., ~ (2004)
  66. Growing Unequal, "OECD", OECD, ~ (2010)
  67. Pierson,P, "Dismantling the Welfare State?: Reagan. Thatcher and the Politics of Retrenchment" (1994), Cambridge University Press
  68. Pierson,P, "Post-industrial Pressures on the Mature Welfare States. In The New Politics of the Welfare State" (2001), Oxford University Press
  69. Ragin,C, "Fuzzy-set Social Science" (2000), University of Chicago Press
  70. Ragin,C, "Redesigning Social Inquiry Fuzzy sets and Beyond" (2008), University of Chicago Press
  71. Margarita Estevez-Abe, "Restructuring the welfare state", pp.2002, Palgrave
  72. Sainsbury, D, "Gendering Welfare State" (1994), SAGE Publication
  73. Schwartz,H, "Small States in Big Trouble: State Reorganization in Australia, Denmark, New Zealand and Sweden in the 1980s", World Politics, 46(4), pp.527~555 (1994)
  74. Scruggs,L, "Welfare state generosity across space and time. In Investigating Welfare State Change: The ‘Dependent Variable Problem’ in Comparative Analysis" (2007), Edward Elgar
  75. Scruggs, L, "New Dimensions of Welfare State Regimes in Advanced Democracies", paper presented at the 2008 Annual Meeting of the American Political Science Association (2008)
  76. Siegel,N.A, "When (only) money matters: the pros and cons of expenditure analysis. In Investigating Welfare State Change: The ‘Dependent Variable Problem’ in Comparative Analysis" (2007), Edward Elgar
  77. Tang,K.L, "Social Welfare Development in East Asia" (2000), Palgrave
  78. Shogo Takekawa, "Japan's Welfare-State Regime: Welfare Politics,Provider and Regulator", Development and Society, 34(2), pp.169~190 (2005), 사회발전연구소
  79. Vis,B, "States of Welfare or States of Workfare? Welfare State Restrcturing in 16 Capitalist Democracies, 1985-2002", Policy & Politics, 35(1), pp.105~122 (2007)
  80. Wincott,D, "Reassessing the social foundations of welfare (state) regimes", New Political Economy, 6(3), pp.409~425 (2001)

관련 논문AI추천

이 간행물의 다른 논문 (6건)