데이터 시각화 기법을 활용한 행복취약계층 찾기
Finding happiness-vulnerable class using data visualization
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초록
우리나라의 경제적 수준은 상위권인 반면 행복 수준은 중위권에 머물고 있다. 이러한 경제적 수준과 행복 수준의 괴리를 살펴보기 위해 본 연구에서는 행복 수준이 상대적으로 낮은 행복취약계층의 특성에 주목하고자 하였다. 데이터 시각화는 정보를 산점도ㆍ그래프 등과 같은 시각적인 요소로 나타내는 방법으로, 데이터 내 패턴 및 추세를 쉽게 파악할 수 있게 한다는 장점을 갖고 있다. 본 연구에서는 이러한 데이터 시각화 기법으로 선형 모형의 정보 손실을 보완하고, 보다 많은 정보에 기반하여 행복취약계층을 파악하고자 한다. 이를 위하여 통계청 사회조사와 행정연구원의 사회통합실태조사 자료를 통합하였다. 통합된 데이터는 행복 수준에 중요하게 작용하는 사회인구학적 요인인 성별, 연령, 교육, 건강, 소득, 취업여부, 혼인상태에 따라 3,360개의 소집단으로 나누고, 데이터 시각화 기법을 통해 행복취약계층을 시각적으로 제시하였다. 마지막으로 데이터 시각화 결과를 바탕으로 연령 및 성별에 따라 서로 달리 나타나는 니즈를 충족할 수 있는 정책이 수립되어야 함을 논의하였다.
Abstract
The objective of this study was to identify a happiness-vulnerable class using data visualization techniques. Information loss is considered a major weakness of traditional linear models. It can be effectively overcome by data visualization. We combined two large social surveys from the Statistics Korea and the Korean Institute of Public Administration. These combined data had 3,360 sub-groups based on gender, age, education, income, health, employment status, and marital status. Data visualization technique effectively showed who were vulnerable groups with low happiness levels. Findings of this study imply that a more tailored policy approach according to different needs is needed.
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