한・일 의뢰표현의 일고찰-수수동사에서 파생된 의뢰형을 중심으로

Abstract

Giving and receiving verb phrases contain both the principal and the target of the benefitting act; depending on the phrase, the object of benefit may be added as well. When the principal and target of the benefitting act do not exist in a giving and receiving verb phrase, with the structure reflecting an impact by the speaker on the listener, the phrase takes on requesting characteristics. This may be because of the fact that most of the requesting modality in Japanese branch out of the giving and receiving verb, and because the requesting modality is deeply related to the benefits conferred on the speaker. The current study focuses on the treatment between the speaker and the listener, as well as the analysis of usage in terms of gender. The results indicate that the requesting expressions emanating from Japanese giving and receiving verbs display varying forms depending on the gender of the speaker and the treatment for the listener. Among them, the tekure, teokure, tekudasai, temoraitai forms take on various forms from requesting to suggesting (indirect command). On the other hand, the Korean 「-a/-e/-ye patta」 forms are not grammatically developed as a benefitting voice; as such, they are also not used to express requesting. Forms branching out from 「-a/-e/-yechuta」verbs play the role of requesting forms. Also the requesting expressions in Korean, unlike those in Japanese, do not distinguish the gender of the speaker. Moreover, the requesting expressions in Korean retain the original requesting function of requesting the listener to do something, and they do not suggest that the listener take a certain action.