중소 제조기업의 동태적역량, 혁신역량이 혁신성과 및 경쟁우위성과에 미치는 영향
The Effect of Dynamic Capability and Innovation Capability on Innovation Performance and Competitive Advantage Performance: Focused on Manufacturing SEMs
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초록
제4차 산업혁명이 기업에 의미하는 것은 새로운 제품이나 서비스의 개발에 있어, 관련된 기술이 급격한 발전을 보이기 때문에, 향후 신제품개발은 과거보다 더욱 더 어려운 업무가 되리라는 것이다. 과거에서도 불확실성의 증대, 급변하는 기술, 다양한 소비자 욕구 등은 신제품개발을 가로막는 주요 장애 요인이었다. 따라서 기업을 둘러싸고 있는 환경변화에 대응할 수 있는 동태적 역량과 기업 스스로가 창출할 수 있는 혁신역량, 동태적 역량과 혁신역량의 결과로 나타나는 기업의 혁신성과 및 경쟁우위성과 간의 관계를 살펴보는 것이 필요하다. 본 연구는 서울경기, 부산울산, 창원지역의 중소제조기업의 경영자를 대상으로 기업들이 처해있는 환경에 대한 적응능력으로서의 동태적 역량, 각 중소기업이 가지고 있는 혁신역량, 각 기업의 혁신성을 나타내는 혁신성과 및 기업의 경쟁우위성과 간의 관계를 SmartPLS를 이용, 실증분석을 통하여 규명하고자 하였다. 본 연구의 분석결과, 첫째, 경쟁사보다 더 나은 동태적 역량을 보유한다면, 이는 경쟁기업보다 우월한 혁신성과 및 경쟁우위성과를 보유할 수 있다는 것이다. 즉 환경변화에 대한 인지, 대응 능력은 기업생존에 중요한 역할을 수행한다는 점이다. 둘째, 동태적 역량과 혁신역량이 유의한 정(+)의 관계를 보인다는 것은 환경변화에 적응을 잘하는 기업은 기술혁신능력 역시 뛰어나다는 것이다. 기업은 변화하는 환경에서 생존하기 위해, 환경에 적응하기 위한 도구나, 혹은 환경을 자신에게 유리한 방향으로 바꾸기 위한 도구로서 기술혁신역량을 이용할 수 있다. 따라서 동태적 역량과 혁신역량을 보유한 기업은 경쟁기업보다 혁신과 경쟁우위 측면에서 우월한 성과를 실현하여 생존능력을 강화할 수 있다.
Abstract
What the 4th Industrial Revolution means for companies is that in the development of new products or services, the development of new products in the future will become a more difficult task than in the past because related technologies show rapid development. In the past, increasing uncertainty, rapidly changing technologies, and diverse consumer needs were major obstacles to new product development. In this study, we tried to find out through an empirical analysis of the relationship between the dynamic capabilities of SMEs as the ability to adapt to the environment they are facing, the innovation capabilities of each SME, the innovation performance that represents the innovation of each company, and the competitive advantage of the companies. As a result of this study, first, if SMEs have better dynamic capabilities than their competitors, they can have superior innovation performance and competitive advantage capabilities over competitors. In other words, the ability to recognize and respond to environmental changes plays an important role in the survival of a company. Second, the fact that dynamic capability and innovation capability show a significantly positive (+) relationship means that a company that adapts well to environmental changes also has excellent innovation capabilities. Companies can use innovation capabilities as a tool to survive in a changing environment, to adapt to the environment, or to change the environment in a direction that is favorable to them.
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