이용악 시에서의 “나라”의 의미 찾기- 토포스의 지속과 영토의식의 변천

Abstract

This study aims to understand the meaning of “Nara” that continuously appears in Lee Yong-Ak’s poems from a territorial perspective. While topos is a physical, self-sufficient, and conceptual spatial consciousness, territory is a political, flexible, and relative spatial consciousness. In the chronology of Lee Yong-Ak who was born in a northern region facing the national border during the Japanese occupation and settled himself in North Korean society going through the space of liberation of excessive politics and the post-war confusion period, his territorial consciousness flows with changes in the polity. Such a territorial consciousness is expressed as the poetic word, “Nara,” which includes an individual’s topos and the concept of the territory of the state and the nation. “Nara” is used instead of the statement like the nation or the state, which implies the situation of the territory in which such a statement is impossible and the situation of topos in which the identity should be expressed even in the form of disguise simultaneously. Lee Yong-Ak’s literature shows changes in territorial consciousness over four times. The first territorial consciousness is dominated by topos formed in childhood. The second territorial consciousness appearing during the time of the war basis comes from the situation of the state without a nation. The third territorial consciousness appearing after liberation comes from a metonymic territorial situation where the nation and the state are united. Lastly, the territorial consciousness after his defection to North Korea comes from the alliance of socialist ideology transcending topos and metonymic geographical index. The territorial consciousness that appeared in Lee Yong-Ak’s Poems clearly demonstrates changes in the political situation that define the identity of the state and consequent pattern of individual choices. The study to look for the meaning of “Nara” in Lee Yong-Ak’s poems will directly demonstrate the history of changes in his poetry and indirectly the national consciousness, the view of the state, and topos the Korean (Joseon) people commonly experienced, including Japanese occupation and division of territory.