음악교육과 정서 및 지능과의 구조적 관계 분석: 유아정서 및 음악지능 중심으로

Abstract

This study focused on the musical environment and the emotional intelligence level of children and identified the relationship between these two variables and musical intelligence with an aim to examine how an environment supporting musical progression and a child’s emotional reaction ability affect the actual musical intelligence and how emotional intelligence plays a mediating role between the musical environment and musical intelligence. Results are as follows: First, an investigation into the effect of the emotional intelligence of children on their musical intelligence showed that emotional awareness, emotional expression, emotional regulation and empathy were significant factors that could predict musical intelligence. The factor with the most significant influence on musical intelligence was found to be emotional expression, followed by emotional regulation, emotional awareness and empathy. Second, an examination of the effect of the musical environment on a child’s musical intelligence showed that the musical environment was a significant factor that affected musical intelligence. Third, a regression analysis was conducted to examine the relative influence of emotional intelligence and musical environment on musical intelligence, and the results showed that musical environment as well as emotional expression and empathy, which are the sub-factors of emotional intelligence, were factors that had a significant effect on musical intelligence. Of the three afore-mentioned factors, musical intelligence was most significantly affected by emotional expression, followed by musical environment and empathy whereas the two other sub-factors of emotional intelligence, which were emotional awareness and emotional regulation, were shown to lack any significant effect. In the aspect of a child’s individual characteristics, higher musical intelligence was observed among female children who had relatively older mothers and whose family had relatively higher household income. Fourth, a path analysis was conducted to verify the mediating role of emotional intelligence between musical environment and musical intelligence, and the results showed that although the direct impact of the musical environment on musical intelligence was insignificant, its indirect impact through emotional intelligence was significant. In other words, the relationship between musical environment and musical intelligence was completely mediated by emotional intelligence, which suggests that one cannot predict positive and effective development of musical intelligence of children solely based on their musical environment. Rather, outstanding musical environment induces the development of emotional intelligence and these two factors jointly improve the musical intelligence of a child. The direct impact of the musical environment on emotional intelligence was that a child in a positive musical environment tended to develop an ability to express their emotions and empathize with more positive emotions, and this in turn enhanced their artistic sensitivity, thereby exerting a positive effect on their musical perception and expression.