도기를 통한 태안 마도3호선의 출항지 연구

Abstract

The underwater excavation of Mado Shipwreck No. 3, which was conducted in 2011, yielded thirty five wooden tablets. One of the tablets contains records that tell us the cargos on the ship were sent from Yeosu Prefecture(present day Yeosu City in Jeollanam-do Province).Thus, it is generally understood as that the ship departed from Yeosu or other ports located along the southern coast of Korea. However, the records written in the wooden tablets yielded from this shipwreck are simpler than those written in wooden tablets yielded from other excavated shipwrecks. Moreover, it is difficult to acknowledge the understanding that the ship departed from Yeosu when considering the artifacts, particularly stoneware vessels, which were uncovered from this shipwreck. For this reason, this paper aims to re-examine the view of “Yeosu and Other Ports along the Southern Coast of Jeollanam-do Province”, which has been recognized as the main theory about the place of departure of Mado Shipwreck No. 3, by revealing the production site of the stoneware vessels uncovered from this shipwreck. The shape and production technique of the stoneware vessels from the shipwreck can be summarized in three aspects. First, except a jar with dish-shaped mouth that seems to be produced in the southeastern region of Jeollanam-do Province, all other items were surely produced at a particular production site. Second, bottles are characterized by a wide lower body and short neck, whereas jars with flattened side and short-necked jars are characterized by a lateral mouth. Third, compared with stoneware vessels that have been found at inland sites in the southeastern region of Jeollanam-do Province to date, the vessels from this shipwreck weigh between 30 and 60 percent less and are made of finer clay. Their inner bodies are incised with a lateral line pattern. In addition, the proportion of glazed vessels in this ship is higher than at contemporary inland stoneware production sites; and even both glazed and unglazed items are found in the same pottery style. Therefore, the stoneware vessels found in this shipwreck show explicitly different styles and production techniques than those found in the southeastern region of Jeollanam-do Province; thus, this paper names these “Mado Shipwreck No. 3 Type”. Stoneware vessels showing the same typical characteristics have been uncovered from Tomb No. 23 at the Deobugol site in Goyang and Pit Feature No. 5 at Suseong Elementary School Sangdong site in Daegu. It seems that these vessels were not local products but items supplied from other regions. The excavation of the Yeonjado site in Ulju yielded large quantities of this type of stoneware, and hence, it can be inferred that these were supplied from the adjacent production site. It is difficult to know the accurate location of the production site of these goods, but it seems plausible that the vessels might have been produced in the Ulju area considering the production and distribution system of stoneware at that time. Judging from the records of the wooden tablets, particularly those listing the recipients of cargos, most goods found in this shipwreck might have been shipped in Yeosu or other ports in the southern coast of Jeollanam-do Province. However, it is a highly likely that the stoneware vessels contained in the shipwreck were the products of Yeonjado in Ulju; thus, Yeonjado might have been the first place of departure of Mado Shipwreck No. 3.