고려 침몰선 출수 도기의 생산과 해상유통 －‘완도선유형’ 도기를 중심으로－

Abstract

Stoneware vessel with blackish brown glaze, which shows the unique typological characteristics, is named the Wando Shipwreck-type vessel. This type vessel was recovered from shipwrecks sunken from the 11th to 13th century, such as the Sibidongpado Shipwreck, the Wando Shipwreck, the Taean Shipwreck, and Mado Shipwreck Nos. 1, 2 and 3. All cargos contained in these six shipwrecks were goods produced in the present-day Jeolla-do Province. Moreover, the number of the Wando Shipwreck-type vessel yielded from these six shipwrecks is 106, which occupy 64 percent of the total number of the uncovered stoneware vessels. This paper aims to reveal the production sites of the Wando Shipwreck-type stoneware vessel by examining stoneware vessels of the Goryeo Period that have been found in the inland sites in Jeolla-do Province to date. This type vessel has been recovered from the sites within a 30 kilometers radius of the center of Hwawon-myeon and Sani-myeon, Haenam-Gun. It seems that stoneware vessels classified into the Wando Shipwreck-type, which were uncovered from the Sibidongpado shipwreck sunken in the late 11th century, were produced in the Sindeok-ri Kiln site; and it is high possibility that those from other shipwrecks were products of the Jinsan-ri Kiln site. In addition, stoneware vessels contained in the Taean Shipwreck, which are not categorized in the Wando Shipwreck-type, show typological similarities to vessels recovered from the Samheung-ri Kiln site in Gangjin-gun. By considering the fact that this type vessel was buried in a stone chamber tomb at the Neungnae-ri site in Ganghwa-gun as the implement of groundbreaking ritual, and was yielded from Gimhae-si, one of the trade centers in costal routes during the Goryeo Period, this type vessel produced in the present-day Jeollanam-do Province seems to be circulated along the coastal routes. As revealing that the Wando Shipwreck-type stoneware vessel was produced in the present-day Haenam-gun, the coastal region in the southwestern Korean peninsula, this paper raises the possibility that Mado Shipwreck No. 2 departed from a central port at Haenam-gun and its vicinity rather than from a port located at the present-day Gochang-gun or Jeongeup-si. Of ten shipwrecks dating to the Goryeo Period that have been excavated in Korea to date, it seems that four shipwrecks departed from Haenam-gun. This fact suggests that the coastal region in the southwestern Korean peninsula was the center of the marine transportation routes from the Unified Silla Period onwards.