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탈탄소 기술관련 품목의 관세 및 비관세조치의 무역효과 분석

The Impact of Tariffs and Non-Tariff Measures on Trade in Decarbonization Technology Products

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주제분류경제학

초록

본 연구는 탈탄소 기술관련 품목의 관세․비관세조치의 무역효과를 분석하였다. 이들 품목의 수출가격에는 비관세조치만 영향을 미쳤으나 수입규모에서는 관세율이 낮고 비관세조치 건수가 적을수록 그 규모가 늘어났다. 이러한 결과는 소득수준별로 상이하였는데, 고소득국에서는 비관세조치, 중상소득국, 중저소득국 및 저소득국에서는 관세와 비관세조치 모두 주요 요인으로 분석되었다. 이러한 추정결과는 탈탄소 기술관련 품목의 관세와 비관세조치 간 상반된 추세와 연관되었을 가능성을 고려하여 이들 변수간 상호관계를 추가적으로 분석하였다. 이에 따르면, 양허세율과 실행세율간 격차가 작을수록 비관세조치가 증가하였다. 이상의 분석결과는 선진국이 개도국의 순응비용을 낮추기 위한 지원을 개발협력차원에서 적극적으로 수행할 필요성을 시사한다.

Abstract

This paper analyses the impact of tariffs and non-tariff measures on trade in decarbonization technology products and the relationship between tariffs and non-tariff measure. The results vary by income group. The impact of tariffs on export price was not statistically significant across all income groups, but non-tariff measures had a statistically significant positive effect on high income and upper-middle income countries. As for import volumes, non-tariff measures have a bigger influence on the import flow of decarbonization technology products than tariffs in high income countries, while both tariffs and non-tariff measures are important factors in upper-middle income, lower-middle income, and in low income countries. The results of the relationship between tariffs and NTBs suggest that they have substitution effects.

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