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여성의 이사회 참여 및 여성이사의 독립성과 회계보수주의

Presence and Independence of Female Directors on the Board of Directors and Accounting Conservatism

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참고문헌

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주제분류회계학

초록

본 연구에서는 국내 유가증권 상장기업을 대상으로 여성의 이사회 참여 및 이사회 참여 여성이사의독립성을 나타내는 사외이사 여부 그리고 계열사 출신 여부가 회계보수주의에 미치는 효과를 실증적으로 검증하였다. 2014년부터 2018년까지 한국거래소에 상장된 비금융기업 가운데 관리종목에 해당하는 기업과 자본잠식 기업을 제외한 3,540개 기업-년 자료를 대상으로 검증을 실시한 결과, 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 첫째, 여성의 이사회 참여 여부는 보수주의에 유의적인 양의 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 결과는 여성이사의 이사회 참여로 보수주의에 입각한 회계처리가 강화된다는 것을 의미한다. 둘째, 여성이 이사회에 참여한 기업을 대상으로 분석을 실시한 결과, 이사회에 참여한 여성이사가 사외이사인 경우 보수주의가 더 높은 것으로 나타났으며, 이사회에 참여한 여성이사가 계열사 출신 여성이사인 경우 보수주의가 더 낮게 나타났다. 이러한 결과는 여성이사가 존재하는 기업에서 여성이사의 독립성이 높으면, 보수주의가 더 강화된다는 것을 나타낸다.

Abstract

This study examines whether the presence of female directors on the board increases accounting conservatism of the firm. In addition, the study investigates the relationship between independence of female directors on the board and accounting conservatism. Analyzing 3,540 non-financial firm-year data listed on the Korea Stock Exchange from 2014 to 2018, we find that the presence of female directors on the board has a positive effect on accounting conservatism. This result implies that as the board of directors with female directors strengthens its monitoring role for managers, managers are more likely to adopt conservative accounting. In addition, we find that the independence of female directors such as female outside directors or non-affiliated female directors has a positive effects on accounting conservatism. These test results indicate that independent female directors on the board monitor managers effectively. As a result, managers can strengthen accounting conservatism. The test results of this study not only provide companies with significant opportunities to compose an effective board of directors, but also help regulatory agencies make the specific guidelines for policies related to female directors in Korea. In addition, the study will contribute to future studies on the characteristics of female directors determining the effectiveness of the board of directors.

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