2～6世紀 阿羅加耶의 對外交流網 硏究

Abstract

The identification and study of Aragaya's foreign exchange network tends to be interpreted in conjunction with political interests, and existing research tends to focus on the late Aragaya period around the late 5th and early 6th centuries, focusing on the study of foreign trade in Sogaya, Daegaya, and Silla decorative arts and ceramics. In this paper, based on recently researched archaeological data, this article comprehensively analyzes various internationally diverse artifacts from East Asia, including Baekje, Wae, and Southern China, to examine the changes in Aragaya's foreign exchange network over time. The periodic changes in Aragaya's foreign trade network can be broadly divided into three periods. The first period is from the late 2nd to early 4th centuries, and the main transportation routes during this period were the Namgang-Nakdong River trade route, the inland transportation network such as the Yangsan Fault Line and Ulsan, and the Southeast Coastal Transportation Route, starting with earthenware trade with Silla, forming the basis of the trade system centered on Gimhae-Busan Geumgwan-gaya and Silla. The second period is between the 4th and 5th centuries AD and appears to be the period of active coastal maritime trade, as many trade-related artifacts such as Aragaya-style earthenware and plate ironware have been excavated from the Masan “Hyeondong” group. The third period, from the mid-fifth century to the early sixth century, is the third level of the Aragya hierarchy, from the first level, "Arasadeung," which is equivalent to a king, to the sixth level, the “big man”, which can also be seen as a village leader. Centering on the Malisan group in Gaya-eup, the southern coastal trade route centered on Masan-Jindong Bay formed a pluralistic exchange network with East Asian foreign political entities such as Mahan·Baekje, Wae, and the Chinese Southern Dynasty. The burials in the center of Aragaya and the surrounding ruling class tombs suggest that Aragaya maintained a certain level of interaction with not only the later Gaya forces, but also with Wae, in order to counter Baekje's advancing east and Silla's advancing west. However, around the middle of the 6th century, it tends to be reduced to interactions with domestic political entities such as Sogaya, Daegaya, and Changnyeong-Silla. The changes over time and archaeological data confirm that Aragaya's foreign trade network gradually grew from early state-level trade in the second century to a quasi-ancient form of trade centered on the utilization of human and material resources within the territory, the strength of power to control surrounding subordinate groups, and the ruling class. In particular, the identification of luxury goods from the Korean peninsula, Wae, as well as China, shows that Aragaya was one of the trading powers included in the wider market area of the ancient world.