조선본 기효신서(紀效新書) 에 수록된 팔진도 분석

Abstract

Joseon Dynasty brought in Jixiaoxinshu written by Qi Jiguang to drillthe government army in Nabing's warfare of Ming Dynasty leading therecapturing operation of Pyeongyang castle to a success inImjinwaeran(the Japanese invasion of Joseon in 1592). At that time, QiJiguang's Jixiaoxinshu was composed of 14 books or 18 books, Joseonpublished a 18 volume- book as supplementing and adding 14 books toJindo(formation diagram) part of 15'th, Geoyeong(operating battlewagons) part of 16'th, Giyoung(operating cavalry) part of 17'th andDeungdangusoo of 18'th volume. As a result of analyzing Jindo part of them, Bazhentu included in itand the drawings and systems such as Cheonbokjin, Jijaejin,Poongyangjin, Woonsujin, Yongbijin, Hoikjin, Josangjin and Sabanjinformed after splitted and changed were same as Bazhenhebiantushuo'sones written by Lanzhang and Longzheng in Emperor Wujong era of MingDynasty. Although the explanation parts are difficult from each othersomewhat, basic meanings are similar to, so the conclusion that Bazhentuincluded in Jixiaoxinshu compiled in Joseon was excerpted fromBazhenhebiantushuo written by Longzheng of Ming Dynasty could bemade. The strategy of Bazhentu have 4 types of splitting and changing likeCheonbokjin and Jijaejin transforming into outside or inside,Poongyangjin and Woonsujin shifting to the right or the left, movingback or forth and Josangjin and Sabanjin altering diagonally and eachsplitting and changing part is making changes as splitting entire Bazheninto two sides. The one meaning of splitting and changing Bazhen wasseemed to weaken enemy's attack power by vacating the attacked partas dispersing the army in both directions when the enemy were attacking and the same time, the powerful destruction effect was expected bycounterattacking enemy's left and right, back and forth, or diagonal side. As a result of analysing Bazhentu included in Jixiaoxinshu compiledin Joseon from this writing, following three conclusion could be made. First, Bazhentu included in Jixiaoxinshu compiled in Joseon wasexcerpted from Bazhenhebiantushuo written by Longzheng of MingDynasty. Second, Bazhentu forms eight types of battle formation as splittingand changing into 4 ways in a regular way. Third, although Joseon dynasty adopted Qi Jiguang's strategy afterImjinwaeran(the Japanese invasion of Joseon in 1592), recognized theimportance of traditional battle formation and wanted to preserve it bywriting documents. As a result of analysing the Jindo part of the Jixiaoxinshu's 15'th volumecompiled in Joseon, it shows that each drawing is for the operation plannedvery carefully and the operations abiding by these could fetch the graveresult deciding the outcome of the battles and causing the rise and fallof a nation. Of course, it is hard for these Jixiaoxinshu or Bazhentu'scontents analyzed in this writing to be applied in modern battles. But,these fighting ways could lay the foundation for developing excellentcombat skills as providing those for competent tacticians or strategistscommanding the Korean army.