조선후기 水原府의 軍役 변통과 洞布制 시행

Abstract

Suwonbu was the biggest town in Gyeonggi area around the doseong and strategic point located on the way(大路) to Seoul in Samnam. After the 17th century, Gunchong(軍總) was increased so much as the military importance of Suwonbu was weighed on. In comparison with Gunyeok resources, which means, the military service manpower, there were lots of Gunchong and Cheopyeok(疊役) became the biggest problems in Gunyeok management. After Suwonbu was changed into Hwaseong in the late 18th century, a part of military amount was reduced and opposing amount was also reduced by the order of Jeongjo, but fundamental problem of excessive Gunchong of Suwonbu had not been solved. After Jangyongyeong was broken, the supports of soldiers and finance were stopped around there and it was more difficult to manage Gunyeok of Suwonbu. The problems of Gunyeok that had been accumulated for a long time were shown by various aspects in the whole 19th century. As a part of rich classes was out of the Gunyeok burden by offering bribe, the pain of remained poor people, was increased. Therefore, Dongpoje started to be fulfilled generally by the order of Heungseondaewongun in the 6th year of Gojong(1869). Dongpoje was the method to reduce the burden of people while maintaining existing Gunchong and letting Yangban who are noble class and rich classes who were excluded from Gunyeok pay Gunpo. Dongpoje was fulfilled by the method to evenly oppose Gunchong arranged to Suwonbu to hochong investigated newly. Also, while responsibilities in Gunpo collection were given to each unit of town, it’s promoted to collect Dongpo stably. In the other hand, autonomous management of town unit was guaranteed and communal cooperation was induced. In the area where Dongpoje was fulfilled, Yangban classesㆍrich classes, and general people were cooperative and stable Gunyeok could be managed by unit of town. Those results are judged to a decisive opportunity to expand the management of Dongpoje nationally by the court, fulfill Hopoje.