한국의 시민운동지표(Civil Action Index) 개발을 위한 선행연구 - 유사지표와의 비교 연구 -

Abstract

This paper is part of the precedent study for the first “Korean Civil Action Index Research”. Purpose of this paper is not to complete a concrete and practical index of social action. Instead there will be a critical review on the CSI(Civil Society Index) from the CIVICUS and an analysis of the problems and limits it indicates. This will be the basis of the Civil Action Index (CAI), which will be formed differently from the CSI. Secondly, this paper attempts to analyze the various data up to the present. From the large amount of data this paper will concentrate on the introduction and analysis of the “Korean Crisis Index”, “Global Peace Index”, “Freedom of the World Index” and the “Canadian Index of Well-Being”. These indexes are the most accommodating references for a construction of the CAI. After 1999, when the CIVICUS first launched the CSI, it was modified 2 times and became more refined. At the beginning the CSI relied on subjective cognitive methods, which were based on interviews. These results were compared with those of other civil societies. Because it was criticized for the lack of objectivity, it came to a first modification in 2008. The key was to use objective statistics to develop a comparative analysis with other countries. This modification though wasn’t satisfying enough, which finally leads to a debate of a new modification, which is planned after the year 2012. The problem using the subjective method was that the individuality of the interview got too much involved, whereas statistics were criticized for being inadequate to reflect the reality. The 3 statistics, which are mentioned above are based on objective data. One among them is global index; the other 2 are restricted on specific countries. The “Freedom of the World Index” is despite the fact that there is based on objective statistics, highly influential, cause of their clear aim and intention. With the ranking system, each country will try to reach a higher position. The problem is that this analysis is based on a liberalistic point of view, in other words it is orientated on western perspectives. It is important, among the whole ranking, to create an overall picture including the culture, society and history of each country. This paper tries to implicate these viewpoints. As a result 96 subjective and cognitive civil action indicators are suggested, which are based on the main principles of “diversity”, ”exclusiveness” and ”same level”. At the same time those indicators are added with concrete data, which are related on objective statistics. It is here to emphasize again, that it is not the intention of this paper to lead to an imperative conclusion for the CAI. The main idea is to suggest various perspectives for the development of the CAI, in harmonizing both micro and macro levels, which will be helpful to examine the reality of civil action in a more realistic way.