조직내 여성의 수직적 경력이동에 관한 연구
The study of women's upward career mobility in organization
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초록
조직내 경력개발, 경력성공과 관련하여 연구가 많이 진행된 반면에 경력이동의 개념을 직접적으로 다룬 연구는 많지 않으며 특히 국내연구는 미흡하다고 볼 수 있다. 그 이유로는 경력이동에 대한 개념 정의가 연구자마다상이하며 경력이동을 측정할 수 있는 척도 역시 다양하기 때문이다. 따라서본 연구에서는 경력이동 중에서 수직적 경력이동에 초점을 두어 접근하고있으며 이러한 수직적 경력이동에 있어서 남녀간에 차이가 있는지, 있다면여성이 남성보다 열세인 이유는 무엇인지, 실제적으로 여성근로자의 수직적 경력이동에 영향을 미치는 요인에 관해 분석하였다. 이를 위해 직업능력개발원의 「인적자본기업패널조사」의 3차 패널자료를 사용하여 여성 1,818명, 남성 8,455명을 분석하였다. 분석결과, 인적자본 변수인 교육수준과 근속년수의 경우 여성과 남성의수직적 경력이동에 긍정적 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 한편, 개인상황변수인 혼인상태가 수직적 경력이동에 미치는 영향은 남녀간에 뚜렷한 차이를 보였다. 여성은 미혼자에 비해 기혼자가 수직적 경력이동이 더딘 반면에 남성은 기혼자가 미혼자보다 수직적 경력이동이 빠른 것으로 나타났다. 또한, 인사관리 변수인 교육 및 훈련 기회는 여성과 남성의 수직적 경력이동에 긍정적으로 유의한 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났으며 그 효과는 여성에게 더 큰 것으로 밝혀졌다. 그러나 사내공모제는 여성의 수직적 경력이동에 긍정적 영향을 미쳤으나 남성에게는 유의한 영향을 주지 않았으며 목표관리제도는 여성과 남성의 수직적 경력이동에 유의한 영향을 주지 않는 것으로 나타났다
Abstract
In Korea, women's career mobility are likely to be different from those of men. This study, therefore, discusses the comparison of career mobility between male and female employees, and analyzes the effect on women‘s upward career mobility, using the data of the Human Capital Corporate Panel(HCCP) study(KRIVET, 2010). A total of 1,818 women and 8,455 men were used for the final analysis. The results of this study are as follows: First, human capital variables such as educational level and tenure have a positive effect on upward career mobility for both men and women. Second, marital status has a different effect on men and women's career mobility. Married women have the lower managerial success than single women. On the other hand,married men have the higher managerial success than single men. Finally,opportunities as to training and development have a significant impact on career mobility for both men and women. And this study has supported that formal bidding system play a role of making women's upward career mobility, but has no effect on men's upward career mobility. On the other hand, management by objectives(MBO) has no effect on men and women's upward career mobility.
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