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An Analysis of Emotional Labor in the Japanese Elder Care Profession

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This study focuses on the concept of "emotional labor," which is mostly in demand as women's work and has not been properly appraised. The study examines the emotional content of care work and elucidates how care workers conduct emotional labor and how they perceive it. From May 2010 to April 2012, I interviewed 43 care workers and took part in participant observation at a day service center in Japan. Based on the results, the job contents of emotional labor are categorized by the following aspects: first is the importance of the human relation skills that are involved in care work. The second aspect is communication skill. Third is the responsibility for client well-being. The last aspect is the care worker's emotional effort. Care workers make use of "surface acting" and "deep acting" depending on the clients. Lastly, the outcomes of emotional labor can affect care workers both negatively and positively, thus it might negatively or positively affect the clients as well. Therefore, it is important to respect the workers'emotions and to consider their mental health. In the end, such an approach may lead not only to improvements of care workers' working conditions but also to an enhanced quality of care services for the elderly by care workers.

Abstract

This study focuses on the concept of "emotional labor," which is mostly in demand as women's work and has not been properly appraised. The study examines the emotional content of care work and elucidates how care workers conduct emotional labor and how they perceive it. From May 2010 to April 2012, I interviewed 43 care workers and took part in participant observation at a day service center in Japan. Based on the results, the job contents of emotional labor are categorized by the following aspects: first is the importance of the human relation skills that are involved in care work. The second aspect is communication skill. Third is the responsibility for client well-being. The last aspect is the care worker's emotional effort. Care workers make use of "surface acting" and "deep acting" depending on the clients. Lastly, the outcomes of emotional labor can affect care workers both negatively and positively, thus it might negatively or positively affect the clients as well. Therefore, it is important to respect the workers'emotions and to consider their mental health. In the end, such an approach may lead not only to improvements of care workers' working conditions but also to an enhanced quality of care services for the elderly by care workers.

참고문헌 (69)

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