A군 연쇄구균의 T 항원형과 emm 유전자형 연관성
Association of T Antigens with emm Genotypes of Group A Streptococci
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배경：A군 연쇄구균(group A streptococci, GAS) 감염이나 보균자 역학조사를 위해 선별검사로 T 타이핑이 이용되고, 병독성 연구를 위해 M 타이핑이 이루어져 왔다. 그러나 M 항원형 검사가 일반 검사실에서는 시행하기 어렵고, 최근 PCR, 염기서열 분석이 보편화하면서 M 항원의 코딩 유전자인 emm 유전자형 검사가 가능해졌다. 본 연구에서는 T 항원과 emm 유전자형의 연관성을 살펴보았다. 방법： 2002년부터 2004년까지 진주 지역 초등학생에서 분리된 349균주와 인두염 소아 환자에서 분리된 122균주를 대상으로 하였다. 슬라이드 응집법으로 T항원형 검사를 시행하였고, PCR 및 염기서열 분석법으로 emm 유전자형을 조사하였다. 결과： T1/emm1, T3/emm3, T6/emm6, T12/emm12와 emm22, T25/emm75 및 T5/27/44/emm44/61은 90%이상의 높은 연관성을 관찰할 수 있었지만, T 2, 4, 7, 11, B3264 등은 다양한 emm 유전자형 종류를 보였다. 결론：일부 T 항원형은 특정 emm 유전자형과 밀접한 연관성이 있어서 emm 유전자형을 예측하는데 도움을 주었다.
Abstract
Background: T typing has been used as a screening test for epidemiologic studies of group A streptococci (GAS) infections or carriers, and M typing has been performed for virulence studies. However, M typing is difficult to perform in routine laboratories. Recently, genotyping of the emm gene, which encodes the M protein, has become available. We investigated which T antigen is closely associated with a certain emm genotype. Methods: GAS were collected from the children in Jinju who were asymptomatic carriers (N=349)or had acute pharyngitis (N=122) during the 3 year-period from 2002 through 2004. T typing was performed by a slide aggulutination, and emm genotyping by PCR and DNA sequencing. Results: More than 90% of T1, T3, T6, T12, T25, and T5/27/44 antigens were associated with emm1, emm3, emm6, emm12 and 22, emm75, and emm44/61 genotypes, respectively; however, other T antigens, such as T2, T4, T7, T11, and B3264, were not associated with any particular emm genotypes. Conclusion: Several T antigens are so closely associated with particular emm genotypes that one could predict emm genotypes based on the result of T typing.
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