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자폐스펙트럼장애에서 발달 기능을 위한 가상현실-기반 중재: 메타분석

Virtual Reality-Based Intervention for Developmental Functioning in ASD: A Meta-Analysis

김미성|홍승주
한국심리학회 산하 한국발달심리학회 (The Korean Society For Developmental Psychology)|2020.03|한국심리학회지: 발달 (THE KOREAN JOURNAL OF DEVELOPMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY)|제33권 제1호|pp. 85-101|DOI 10.35574/KJDP.2020.3.33.1.85

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가상현실attentionemotion recognition자폐스펙트럼장애실행기능executive function주의집중social skills정서인식ASDvirtual reality사회적기술의사소통기술conversational skills
주제분류심리과학

초록

본 메타분석은 ASD를 가진 아동과 청년들을 위한 VR-기반 중재의 효과에 대한 연구를 집약하고 분석하였다. 2009년부터 2019년 사이에 발표된 연구 중, 사전사후 결과를 포함하고 있는 7개의 VR-기반 중재 연구가 메타분석에 포함되었다. 메타분석에 포함된 연구의 연구대상자는 총 150명이었다. 측정 결과는 ASD의 특성으로 나타나는 발달 기능인 사회적 기술, 정서인식, 주의집중, 실행기능, 의사소통기술로 분류하여 분석하였다. 무선효과모형에 따른 효과크기는 다음과 같이 나타났다: 사회적 기술(g = .59, SE = .12, 95% CI: .35-.82), 정서인식(g = .50, SE =.16, 95% CI: .19-.82), 주의집중(g = .35, SE = .14, 95% CI:.07-.63), 실행기능(g = .52, SE = .12, 95% CI:.28-.77), 의사소통기술(g = .46, SE = .21, 95% CI: .05-.88). VR-기반 중재의 효과가 대체로 중간이며, 주의집중에 대한 효과크기는 상대적으로 작았다. ASD에 대한 VR-기반 중재의 효과와 관련하여 연령, ASD 기능수준, 연구가 이루어진 국가, 중재 회기 수 및 VR-기반 중재와 함께 제공된 추가 치료개입 등 중재의 효과에 영향을 미칠 수 있는 여러 환경 요인을 논의하였다.

Abstract

This meta-analysis aggregated and analyzed the research in studying the pretest-posttest outcomes of VR-based interventions for children and young adults with ASD. Seven studies published between 2009 and 2019 with a total of 150 participants were included. Outcome measures of social competences were classified into 5 categories. The random-effects model of the current meta-analysis showed that the average effect of VR-based intervention as follows: social skills(g = .59, SE = .12, 95% CI: .35–.82), emotion recognition(g =. 50, SE = .16, 95% CI: .19–.82), attention(g = .35, SE = .14, 95% CI: .07–.63), executive function(g = .52, SE = .12, 95% CI: .28–.77) and conversational skills(g = .46, SE = .21, 95% CI: .05–.88). The implication for VR-based intervention s for ASD was discussed with respect to environmental factor such as age, ASD functioning, number of sessions, country where the study conducted and additional treatment combined.

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