『제왕운기』의 역사서술 특징과 이승휴의 역사관

Abstract

In Jewang Ungi, the founding years and overall durations of all mentioned dynasties are provided. Particularly, for prehistoric myths and legends such as Pan Gu(盤古), Three Sovereigns and Five Emperors(三皇五帝), Dangun(檀君), and Kija(箕子), specific years are included. Furthermore, this section presents references to support these years. The inclusion of years serves the purpose of establishing a clear timeline of historical dynasties and enhancing the credibility of the work. By presenting references from myths, legends, and the field of ancient history, the author aims to demonstrate that Jewang Ungi is not a work of fiction but rather a means to increase its authenticity and reliability, especially in the realms of myths, legends, and ancient history. In the context of ancient Korean history, Jewang Ungi introduces several new elements not found in other historical texts. It primarily focuses on the founding myths of Gojoseon(古朝鮮) and the transfer of power in the King Jun(準王) tradition, offering a fresh perspective on historical recognition. Additionally, Jewang Ungi presents new information regarding the Three Han Kingdoms(三韓), Koguryo(高句麗), Baekje(百濟), and Balhae(渤海) that is not found in the Samguk Sagi(三國史記) and Samguk Yusa(三國遺事). These unique contents suggest a significant difference from our present-day sources and thus add value to Jewang Ungi as historical documentation. In Jewang Ungi, specifically the section on Chinese history, the legitimacy of various Chinese dynasties is determined. Yi Seunghyu's theory of legitimacy emphasized the prevailing reality while also acknowledging the significance of Chinese culture and civilization. This perspective was shaped by the historical context of that time and the experiences Yi Seunghyu went through in his life. Jewang Ungi consistently emphasized the guiding Principles of Confucius in writing the Annals(春秋筆法), which was a shared principle among the officials and literati of the Goryeo period. Yi Seunghyu, as a scholar himself, approached Jewang Ungi from a Confucian scholarly standpoint. However, it is insufficient to summarize his historical perspective based solely on Confucian ideology. Considering the openness and diversity of Goryeo society and its intellectual discourse, it is more appropriate to recognize Yi Seunghyu's historical perspective as one characterized by flexible inclusiveness and plurality.