열유실층이 있는 오일샌드 유전에서 질소주입을 통한 SAGD 기법의 효율 개선
Improvement of SAGD by N2 Injection in Oil Sand Reservoir with Thief Zone
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초록
열유실층은 비튜멘층 상부에 존재하는 가스층 또는 대수층을 말한다. 열유실층은 SAGD 공법에서 주입한 증기의 유출통로로 작용하여 스팀챔버의 효과적인 형성을 방해하고 경제성을 악화시킨다. 뿐만 아니라 증기에 의해 녹은 비튜멘이 열유실층을 따라 흘러나감으로써 회수율을 감소시키기도 한다. 이 연구에서는 열유실층이 있는 오일샌드 유전에서 기존 SAGD 공법의 효율을 향상시키기 위해 질소를 주입하여 열유실층을 차단하는 질소주입 SAGD 공법을 제시하였다. 이 공법의 생산성을 평가하기 위하여 전산시뮬레이션을 수행하였으며 기존의 LP-SAGD 결과와 비교분석하였다. 그 결과 질소주입 SAGD 공법은 LP-SAGD에 비해 누적 오일생산량을 증가시켰으며, 누적 증기오일비는 감소시켰다. 이를 통해 기존의 공법으로 상업적 생산이 불가능한 열유실층을 포함한 오일샌드 유전에서 질소주입 SAGD 공법의 가능성을 확인하였다.
Abstract
Thief zone is defined as top gas or water formations in a bitumen reservoir. It can cause a significant heat loss and result in the less production efficiency during SAGD process by obstructing growth of heated chamber. Furthermore, it can reduce recovery factor due to melted bitumen flow to thief zones. This paper suggests a SAGD with N2 injection for more efficient method rather than conventional LP-SAGD method in oil sand reservoir with thief zones. Injected gas enables a steam chamber not to be communicated with thief zones. This study analyzes production performance of the SAGD with N2 injection method comparing to conventional LP-SAGD method by reservoir simulations. It improved oil productions compared to the conventional LP-SAGD by increasing cumulative oil production and decreasing cSOR. In conclusions, the suggested method shows a commercial potential to develop an oil sand reservoir.
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