기독교교육방법으로서의 액션러닝에 대한 이해와 활용 가능성에 대한 연구

Abstract

The purpose of this study is to describe core characteristics of action learning as an effective teaching method and to find appropriate ways to apply it into Christian education. Recently, educational environment has been changed to learner friendly education system. A learner’s participation has been emphasized in general education. Action learning has been utilized in K~12 educational setting as an effective teaching method. However, church educators still have teacher-centered educational concepts even in the new era. Therefore, it is necessary for church educators to overcome a limitation of church education and to utilize a new teaching technique as an effective Christian teaching method. Action learning emphasizes a learning process and teacher’s new role as a facilitator. Action learning could be defined as a learning process that a small group solves real life issues through personal and communal reflection. According to this definition, action learning seems a practical learning method that gives practical solutions in a learner's life. Action learning basically consists of five elements - real problem, dynamic small group, practice will, question and reflection, and action teacher as a facilitator. Jesus Christ, the master teacher, used action learning elements in his teaching. He made his disciples to actively solve important issues using critical thinking methods. In this study, the researcher analyzed three episodes (Mark 4:35-41, Matthew 17:14-20, and John 6:1-16) relating Jesus’ teaching and found some elements of action learning in these episodes. Based on the analysis, some implications for Christian action learning were suggested. Three passages deal with real life based 'problems.' Jesus' disciples tried to solve the practical problems that they faced in their life. Unfortunately, they did not solve the problems. Instead, Jesus, the master teacher gave practical solutions to disciples. Analyzing the passages, Jesus did not simply give a lecture to his disciples. Rather, he set all situations and helped disciples to solve their problem. Jesus eventually taught steady faith and messianic secret through these practical experiences. Based on the analysis, the researcher suggested five effects of action learning for today's educational setting. First, action learning makes a learner active participator for learning through discussions, questions, and small group dialogues. Second, action learning facilitates dynamic small groups. Third, action learning stimulates faithful thinking and concept. Fourth, action learning creates an intimate relationship between teacher and students. Fifth, action learning gives practical solution for a learner. In order to maximize effects of action learning, Christian learning environment should be changed in the 21st century.