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자살자 유가족의 심리이해와 영적 지지를 위한 목회상담 방안

Spiritual & Pastoral Support through Psychological Understanding of Suicide Loss Family

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주제분류기독교신학

초록

이 연구는 자살자 유가족의 심리이해와 영적 지지를 위한 목회상담 방안을 다룬 것이다. 연구자는 자살의 정의와 개념, 심리적 부검을 통해 나타난 자살자의 공통점, 자살자 및 유가족의 심리적 특성, 자살 기도자(미수자, 실패자)의 낙인, 자살자 유가족의 심리, 자살자 유가족의 전이적 자살, 자살자 유가족의 치유 및 목회상담으로서 신정론과 구원론의 물음에 대한 답변, 심리교육 및 용서를 통한 영적 지지, 자살자 유가족을 위한 개인상담 및 동질집단 구성과 동료상담을 통한 지지 등을 다루었다. 이 연구를 통해서 얻은 결론은 자살자 유가족들은 상실가족과는 다른 독특한 심리적 특성이 나타나는데 그것은 부정, 충격과 분노, 원망, 수치심, 죄책감 등이 심각하다는 것이다. 용서는 자살자 유가족들의 치유와 회복을 위해 반드시 필요한 것으로서 이는 유가족들이 자살자를 충분히 돌보지 못한 책임감과 죄책감으로서 회개를 통해 이루어져야 한다, 자살자 유가족에게서 공통적으로 나타나는 심리적 특성은 가족구성원 간 서로 원망하는 것이며, 이로써 가족해체가 나타나기 때문에 서로 용서하는 것이 매우 중요하다. 그리고 가족에게 심각한 피해를 입힌 자살자에 대한 용서가 없이는 회복되기가 어렵다. 그러므로 목회상담자는 이런 차원에서 영적 지지를 해주어야 할 것이다.

Abstract

This research is to clarify the spiritual and pastoral support through psychological understanding of suicide loss families. In this study, the researcher dealt with the definition and concept of suicide, the commonality of the victims of suicide through psychological autopsy, the psychological characteristics of the suicide and suicide loss families, the stigmatization of the suicide, the psychology of suicide loss families, and the copycat suicide—so called, Werther effect (transference of suicide or suicide of transference). The researcher also emphasized psychological education and spiritual support through forgiveness, individual counseling for the suicide loss families, and homogeneous group. The conclusion in this study is that suicide loss families have distinct psychological traits. The psychological characteristics of suicide loss families are different from those of the general grief families. Those characteristics are the deny of death, shock and anger, resentment, shame, and guilt. Accordingly, forgiveness is necessary for true healing and recovery for the suicide loss families, meaning that forgiveness for oneself who has not looked after the victim who committed suicide, forgiveness of the other family members without grumbling, and forgiveness for the suicide that seriously harms the family members.

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