경제적 세계화, 국내정치 요인과 사회경제적 수행력: 20개 민주주의 국가에 대한 경험적 비교분석
Economic Globalization, Domestic Political Factors and Socioeconomic Performance: A Comparative Analysis of 20 Democracies
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초록
본 연구의 목적은 발전된 민주주의 국가와 신생민주주의 사이에 사회경제적 수행력에 대한 경제적 세계화 요인과 국내정치 요인의 영향을 비교하는데 있다. 기존의 많은 연구들은 개별국가의 사회경제적 수행력에 있어 경제적 세계화의 영향보다는 국내정치 요인이 더 중요함을 주장한다. 몇몇 연구들은 이러한 주장들이 신생민주주의 국가에서도 적용되는지를 시도하고 있다. 그러나 이들 연구들은 국내정치 요인이 신생민주주의 국가의 사회경제적 수행력에 있어 중요성이 의문시된다는 결론을 도출하고 있다. 본 연구는 발전된 민주주의 국가에서처럼 국내정치 요인인 정당체계, 민주주의 수준, 그리고 선거제도가 신생민주주의 국가의 사회경제적 수행력에 중요한 영향을 주고 있음을 주장하고자 한다. 이를 위해 본 연구는 20개 민주주의 국가를 대상으로 4차례 패널자료(panel data)에 기초한 다중회귀분석(multiple regression analysis)기법(N=20, t=4)을 이용하여 검증하였다. 그 결과 각 국가의 사회경제적 수행력이 경제적 세계화 요인보다 국내정치 요인과 의미있는 관계를 보이고 있음을 검증하였다.
Abstract
This study aims to compare the impact of economic globalization and domestic political factors on socioeconomic performance between advanced and newly democratized countries. Previous research has argued that the domestic political factors have stronger effects on socioeconomic performance than economic globalization. Only a few research, however, has attempted to apply this argument to new democracies. In these works the domestic factors has not been regarded as significant factors especially in new democracies. Given this current compromise, this study argues that like in the advanced democracies the domestic political factors such as political party system, level of democracy, and electoral system have played significant roles to promote socioeconomic performance in new democracies. The analysis uses a panel data of 20 countries and their 4 electoral periods. A series of OLS tests finds that rather than economic globlization the domestic factors are more significantly related to the countries’ socioeconomic performance.
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