退溪의 「陶山雜詠」의 理學的 含意와 그 전승

Abstract

The paper tries to analyse the process of the Toegye Yi Hwang's Dosanjobyoung's succession and its meaning in the perspective of the study of Li. Toegye's Dosanjobyoung is presenting his literature and view of the study Li by succession of the Chu Hsi's tradition of Muyjeongsajobyoung(武夷精舍雜詠). Especially, in several poem of the Dosanjobyoung contain the principle of Heaven(天理), Mindfulness(敬), Righteousness(義). He has expressed his emotion at the poem of Chenyeondae(天淵臺), CheonKwangwounyoungdae(天光雲影臺), and Wanlakjae(玩樂齋) in terms of the study of Li. Toegye's studies on Mindfulness, Li symbolized as Cheonkwangwounyoung(天光雲影:the color of heaven and shadow of clouds) and Yeonbioeyak(鳶飛魚躍: an eagle is flying and a fish is jumping). He has presented Respect at the Cheonkwangwounyoung and expressed dynamic image of the principle of Heaven. The principle of Heaven that has been newly overtured at the study of Li in the Song(宋) Dynasty is more specifically discussed by Toegye. And the Mindfulness which has been brought up by the principle of Heaven is executed by Taegye at the poem of Wanlakjae. In the poem of the Wanlakjae, he searched ardently about the mystery of Mindfulness, Righteousness, Non-Ultimate(無極) and Great Ultimate(太極) and Five Elements(五行) and believed the theory of Lidoseol(理到說) that the nature's Li is realized in human's heart. Hence, Toegye has enjoyed the joy of harmony which is the highest dimension of the study of Li by realizing Dosan's nature in his heart through the Dosanjobyoung. Toegye's Dosanjobyoung is the masterpiece among scholars at that generation and it has also influenced on to the scholars of later generation. Ki Dae Seung who was student of the Toegye has revealed implications of Toegye's the study of Li abides by the rhyme of the Dosanjobyoung. Especially, Ki Dae Seoung has emphasized on controling mind at the poem of Wanlakjae and stressed necessity of the research on the cycle of Mindfulness and Righteousness. On the other hand, the scholar who mimics Dosanjobyoung as it was Yi Sang Jeong(李象靖). Yi Sang Jeong's Kosanjobyoung(高山雜詠) is the poem describing the landscape of his residence and it was written by accepting Toegye's Dosanjobyoung and Chu Hsi's Muyigugok(武夷九曲). Yi Sang Jeong said that the joy(樂) is endless by interacting with the Mother Nature. As he sums up the Toegye's the study of Li, he has tried to realize the highest joy by overturing benevolence(仁) and wisdom(智) in the nature. There has yet to be mentioned Mindfulness and Righteousness in Chu Hsi's Muyjeongsajobyoung. Toegye has written Li implicated poem by accepting the content of the study of Li from Chu Hsi's Kawnseoyougam(觀書有感; get touched after reading) and so on in his work of Dosanjobyoung. And he fully revealed in his works that Jeong Ho's ‘principle of Heaven’ and Jeong Yi's ‘Mindfulness’ and Chu Don Yi's search on the abstruse principle of Great Ultimate. All those the study of poem for Li world constructed by Toegye has been a model that discussed the study of Li and they were recited and succeeded by many scholars afterwards such scholars as Ki Dae Seoung and Yi Sang Jeong.