試論對外漢字教學目的
On the Purpose of Teaching Chinese Characters to Foreign Learners
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對外漢字教學近年來普遍受到重視, 但是, 在對外漢字教學與研究中, “對外漢字教學的目的”還不明確, 因此對外漢字教學不可避免地帶有一定的盲目性和被動性。本文認為, “對外漢字教學目的”包括四個方面：(1)結合漢語常用詞教學, 使學習者掌握一定數量的漢字, 並正確運用漢字進行漢語口語和書面語交際活動。(2)理解漢字的構形系統, 掌握漢字記錄漢語語音、意義的規律。(3)形成正確的漢字觀與漢字自學能力。(4)通過漢字學習, 瞭解漢字形體及其構形系統所承載的中國社會歷史信息及漢民族認識事物的思維方式等文化因素, 並培養跨文化交際能力。本文還進一步論述了提出上述“對外漢字教學目的”的理論依據。
Abstract
Teaching Chinese Characters (TCC) has been highly valued in the field of Teaching Chinese as a Foreign Language (TCFL) in the recent years. However, the purpose of TCC is not clarified; hence TCC is, to some extent, both blind and passive in reality. This paper examined the purpose of TCC, which encompasses the following four aspects: 1. Acquire a mount of Chinese Characters and make communications including speaking and writing, through instruction of Chinese common words; 2. Understand Chinese Characters Formation structure, and grasp the pattern of Chinese Characters recording Chinese sound and meaning; 3. Develop proper view of Chinese Characters and Chinese Characters learning ability; 4. Through learning of Chinese Characters and Chinese Characters Formation structure, comprehend Chinese socio-cultural information and Chinese thinking patterns carried by the Chinese Characters, and develop cross-cultural communication ability. This paper further discussed theories behind the purpose of TCC.
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