현대일본어 사역문의 성립 조건과 의미

Abstract

This is a study on the syntactic and semantic aspects of Japanese Causative Construction. The animate noun usually comes as the subject of causative sentence in Japanese, however there are cases in which the subject is an inanimate noun. The causative verbs are formed by combining the causative morpheme `-sase-` with the transitive or intransitive verb stems. There are some restrictions in forming them. There are two kinds of causative sentence in Japanese, the so-called `Ni-causative` and `O-causative`. Which of them appears is dependent on the semantic property of the causes and the case relation of it to the other sentence constituents. By and large, the meaning expressed by the causative sentence in Japanese may be divided as follows. (도표) The causative construction is `abstract` in that a given causative sentence can be interpreted in many ways. But the degree of abstractness in different case by case. For example, if the causer is an inanimate noun, the sentence can be interpreted only as expressing `Indirect` causation. The causative sentence in which the causee is inanimate cannot express `Directive` causation nor `Permission`. When both the causer and the causee are animate nouns and the causee is followed by the particle `Ni`, the sentence can only express `Active permission` or `non-coersive direction`.