한국어와 몽골어의 형용사 어두중첩
Adjective Prefix Reduplication in Korean and Mongolian
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Korean and Mongolian have a prespecified prefix reduplication. It applies to adjectives, especially adjectives of quality and colour, and intensifies their meaning. In Korean it copies a stem and adds one of the fixed syllable /-ti/ or /-na/ as the final syllable of the prefix. Mongolian copies the first consonant and vowel sequence of a stem and inserts the fixed consonant /v/ into the coda position. Though they are similar in their form and function, we can observe several differences between the two. First, Mongolian reduplication seems to apply more widely and productively than Korean. While both languages allow adjectives of quality and colour, only Mongolian allows adjectives of psychology and similarity. Mongolian reduplication also allows obvious loan words, which is not possible in Korean. Second, it only applies to adjectives in Korean, while it applies to adjectives and some adverbs as well in Mongolian. We also observed a morpho-semantic constraint on the reduplication in the two languages: reduplication of intensifying lexical meaning does not apply to derivatives with weakened lexical meaning. We claim that similar constraints may be found in reduplications of other Altaic languages, if not cross-linguistically.
Abstract
Korean and Mongolian have a prespecified prefix reduplication. It applies to adjectives, especially adjectives of quality and colour, and intensifies their meaning. In Korean it copies a stem and adds one of the fixed syllable /-ti/ or /-na/ as the final syllable of the prefix. Mongolian copies the first consonant and vowel sequence of a stem and inserts the fixed consonant /v/ into the coda position. Though they are similar in their form and function, we can observe several differences between the two. First, Mongolian reduplication seems to apply more widely and productively than Korean. While both languages allow adjectives of quality and colour, only Mongolian allows adjectives of psychology and similarity. Mongolian reduplication also allows obvious loan words, which is not possible in Korean. Second, it only applies to adjectives in Korean, while it applies to adjectives and some adverbs as well in Mongolian. We also observed a morpho-semantic constraint on the reduplication in the two languages: reduplication of intensifying lexical meaning does not apply to derivatives with weakened lexical meaning. We claim that similar constraints may be found in reduplications of other Altaic languages, if not cross-linguistically.
참고문헌 (24)
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