영어의 even이 없는 양보조건문에 관하여
Concessive Conditionals without Overt even: A Compositional Approach
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Concessive conditionals are defined as conditionals where “the consequent (of a conditional) is asserted to be true under any of the conditions specified in the antecedent,” (Koenig 1986: 231) and are typically marked by the focus particle even, as in the example like “Even if the bridge were standing, I would not cross.” However, as Koenig himself admits, and as pointed out by many studies, including Pollock (1976) and Bennett (1982), this definition of concessive conditionals need to address two issues. First, there are concessive conditionals which do not entail the truth of the consequent, which Bennett (1982) calls standing-if conditionals (in contrast with introduced-if conditionals, or concessive conditionals entailing the truth of the consequent). Second, there are conditionals which do not have any covert even, but are interpreted as concessives. To solve these puzzles, this paper adopts Lim (2014) and Guerzoni & Lim’s (2007) approaches, where the meaning of concessivity in even if conditionals is derived from the semantics of conditionals and the semantics of the focus particle even, and proposes that concessivity of a conditional without any overt even contains a covert even (Heim 1984, Lee & Horn 1994, Guerzoni 2004, Chierchia 2013, a.o.), from which concessivity of a conditional can be derived. This paper further tries to support this proposal by arguing that the concessivity of conditionals without overt even cannot simply be explained in terms of the context.
Abstract
Concessive conditionals are defined as conditionals where “the consequent (of a conditional) is asserted to be true under any of the conditions specified in the antecedent,” (Koenig 1986: 231) and are typically marked by the focus particle even, as in the example like “Even if the bridge were standing, I would not cross.” However, as Koenig himself admits, and as pointed out by many studies, including Pollock (1976) and Bennett (1982), this definition of concessive conditionals need to address two issues. First, there are concessive conditionals which do not entail the truth of the consequent, which Bennett (1982) calls standing-if conditionals (in contrast with introduced-if conditionals, or concessive conditionals entailing the truth of the consequent). Second, there are conditionals which do not have any covert even, but are interpreted as concessives. To solve these puzzles, this paper adopts Lim (2014) and Guerzoni & Lim’s (2007) approaches, where the meaning of concessivity in even if conditionals is derived from the semantics of conditionals and the semantics of the focus particle even, and proposes that concessivity of a conditional without any overt even contains a covert even (Heim 1984, Lee & Horn 1994, Guerzoni 2004, Chierchia 2013, a.o.), from which concessivity of a conditional can be derived. This paper further tries to support this proposal by arguing that the concessivity of conditionals without overt even cannot simply be explained in terms of the context.
참고문헌 (27)
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