한국어 용언 ‘같다’의 의미와 용법
The meaning and usage of the Korean predicate ‘kathta’
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The focus of this paper is to examine the sematic expansion process of the meaning of the Korean predicate ‘kathta’ through its basic structures and meanings, and to examine the usages and meanings of its conjugated form. This study starts from the basic meaning of ‘kathta’ as ‘identicalness’ and analyzes its morphological, syntactic, and semantic features when it is used in comparative sentences, metaphorical sentences and inferential sentences, presenting a method to distinguish them. ‘Kathta’ is primarily used to mean ‘identicalness’; later its meaning shifted to also mean ‘similarity’. In addition, ‘kathta’ has a modal function of indicating the speaker’s attitude toward a proposition in the ‘(u)n/(u)l kes kathta(-ㄴ/ㄹ 것 같다)’ structure, and thus also indicates the meaning of ‘assumption’ or ‘prediction’; it also acquires sometimes the pragmatic function of ‘euphemism’. This study also analyzes the usage and meaning of various conjugations of ‘kathta’ based on the characteristics of its basic structures. It has been shown that some of these conjugations function only as ‘paraphrasing marker’ or ‘topic marker’ without the lexical meaning of ‘kathta’, and that, in some cases, is going through a process of grammaticalization as a particle. This study has educational significance by revealing the usage of the word ‘kathta’, and it can provide theoretical support for explaining similar phenomena that appear across languages.
Abstract
The focus of this paper is to examine the sematic expansion process of the meaning of the Korean predicate ‘kathta’ through its basic structures and meanings, and to examine the usages and meanings of its conjugated form. This study starts from the basic meaning of ‘kathta’ as ‘identicalness’ and analyzes its morphological, syntactic, and semantic features when it is used in comparative sentences, metaphorical sentences and inferential sentences, presenting a method to distinguish them. ‘Kathta’ is primarily used to mean ‘identicalness’; later its meaning shifted to also mean ‘similarity’. In addition, ‘kathta’ has a modal function of indicating the speaker’s attitude toward a proposition in the ‘(u)n/(u)l kes kathta(-ㄴ/ㄹ 것 같다)’ structure, and thus also indicates the meaning of ‘assumption’ or ‘prediction’; it also acquires sometimes the pragmatic function of ‘euphemism’. This study also analyzes the usage and meaning of various conjugations of ‘kathta’ based on the characteristics of its basic structures. It has been shown that some of these conjugations function only as ‘paraphrasing marker’ or ‘topic marker’ without the lexical meaning of ‘kathta’, and that, in some cases, is going through a process of grammaticalization as a particle. This study has educational significance by revealing the usage of the word ‘kathta’, and it can provide theoretical support for explaining similar phenomena that appear across languages.
참고문헌 (23)
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