극저온 사용 소재 스테인레스강 316L의 수소취화 저항성 평가
Evaluation of hydrogen embrittlement resistance of stainless steel 316L material used at cryogenic temperatures
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차세대 에너지원으로 수소가 각광받고 있는 현재, 수소에너지로 인한 가장 큰 문제점인 수소취화 현상이 주목받고 있다. 이에 따라 본 연구에서는 수소취화(Hydrogen Embrittlement, HE)조건을 적용한 스테인레스강 316L의 기계적 성능을 분석하였다. 수소취화 환경을 조성하기 위하여 수소장입시간(0h, 24h, 48h)을 변수로 음극전기분해법(Cathodic Electrolytic Method)을 수행하였으며, 온도(25℃, -110℃, -195℃)에 따른 인장시험을 진행하였다. 기계적 강도 분석을 위한 인장시험 중 수소가 방출되는 것을 방지하기 위하여 전기아연도금을 시행하였다. 수소 장입된 스테인레스강 316L의 수소 장입량을 분석하기 위하여, 시편에서 채취한 시료를 용융시켜 수소가스를 방출시켰다. 실험 결과, 수소장입시간에 따라 서로 다른 양의 수소가 스테인레스강 316L의 입자 속에 장입되었지만, 수소장입량에 따른 기계적 성능의 감소가 매우 미미함을 확인할 수 있었다. 이에 따라 스테인레스강 316L이 극저온 환경에서 수소취화에 대한 뛰어난 저항성을 확인할 수 있었다.
Abstract
Hydrogen is currently attracting attention as a next-generation energy source. However, the phenomenon of hydrogen embrittlement is the biggest problem related to hydrogen energy. In this study, the mechanical strength of stainless steel 316L with hydrogen embrittlement (HE) conditions was analyzed. To establish an HE environment, a cathodic electrolytic method was performed with hydrogen charging time (0, 24, and 48 h) as a parameter, and a tensile test was conducted at 25, -110, and -195°C. Zinc plating was applied to prevent hydrogen from being released during the tensile test for mechanical strength analysis. To analyze hydrogen charging of hydrogen-charged stainless steel 316L, a sample taken from the specimen was melted to release hydrogen gas. The experiment confirmed that different amounts of hydrogen were charged into the stainless steel 316L particles according to the hydrogen charging time, but the decrease in the mechanical strength based on the hydrogen loading amount was very small. The study thus showed that stainless steel 316L exhibits resistance to hydrogen embrittlement in a cryogenic environment.
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