기업근로자의 경력성공 요인 및 성별조절효과에 관한 국내·외 연구 메타분석
A Meta-Analysis on the Studies of Factors Affecting Career Success and Moderating Effect of Gender of Employees in Corporations
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이 연구의 목적은 기업근로자의 경력성공에 영향을 미치는 변인 관련 연구를 종합하여 변인들이 경력성공에 미치는 효과크기를 구명하고, 관련 변인이 경력성공에 미치는 영향에 있어 성별의 조절효과를 구명하는 데 있었다. 이를 위하여 기업근로자의 경력성공 관련 변인의 효과를 통계적으로 종합하기 위한 효과크기를 산출하였으며, 성별 조절효과를 확인하기 위하여 메타회귀분석을 실시하였다. 이 연구의 주요 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 객관적 경력성공과 주관적 경력성공에 영향을 미치는 변인들은 매우 다양하며, 이는 인구통계학적 특성뿐만 아니라 인적자본 및 개인의 심리적 속성과 조직의 특성에 의해 영향을 받는다. 둘째, 임금은 인구통계 변인이, 승진횟수에는 인적자본 변인이, 경력만족의 경우 개인의 심리가 보다 큰 영향을 미치며, 조직의 지원이 공통적으로 영향을 미친다. 셋째, 기업근로자의 경력성공과 관련 변인간의 관계에 대한 성별의 조절효과는 경력성공의 평가 기준에 따라 상이하게 나타났다. 이 연구에서 얻은 결과에 기초하여, 기업근로자의 경력성공과 관련된 다양한 변인들에 대한 연구, 문화권을 고려한 집단 간 비교 연구, 메타분석 방법 면에서 대상 연구물의 질을 평가할 수 있는 다양한 방법 고안, 성별 차별화된 경력개발 제도 및 정책의 활용 등이 제안되었다.
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to identify the effect size on career success of employees in corporations, and moderating effect of gender between on the relationship between career success and related factors. This purpose was accomplished by utilizing the meta-analysis technique of research integration. The results of this study were as follows: First, objective and subjective career success were influenced by a various of factors, which include demographic characteristics as well as human capital, psychological attributes of individuals and organizations. Second, income was more affected by the demographic characteristics variables, and the number of promotion was more affected by the human capital variables. Plus, among the effect sizes of variables on career satisfaction individual characteristics variables showed high priorities. In addition, organizational support has the common effect on career success regardless of the properties. Third, the moderation effect of gender on the relationship between career success and related factors for male and female employees in corporation was different according to the criteria of career success. Some recommendations for future researches were suggested: First, further research needs to investigate other variables that was not dealt in this study. Second, since employees in corporations could be categorized based on culture, further research needs to identify effect sizes on career success and its variables by category. Third, further research needs to evaluate and select qualitative paper using meta-analysis. Fourth, it is proposed to develop gender differentiated career development system in corporations and utilize them in the policy.
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