지역혁신 네트워크의 경제이론과 유럽사례연구
Economic Theory & Case Studies of Regional Innovation Network in EU
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1990년대 이후 선진제국의 지역개발전략이 대규모 투자유치와 같은 물적 투입에서 내재적 혁신역량을 제고하는 방향으로 선회하고 있다. 그 중심에 서는 것이 혁신네트워크(innovation network), 혁신클러스터 같은 개념이다. 본 연구는 90년대 이후 다양하게 전개되는 혁신네트워크의 개념을 분석하였다. 특히 지방정부, 지역대학, 지역기업이 주체가 되는 혁신클러스터는 지역혁신전략의 중심이 되고 있다. 본 연구는 혁신네트워크의 사례연구로 EU FP (EU Framework Program)과 독일 바덴지방의 중소기업지원 혁신네트워크를 분석하였다. 전자는 EU 전체 차원의 혁신네트워크이며 후자는 좁은 의미의 지역혁신 네트워크 사례이다. 두 경우 모두에서 혁신네트워크의 존재가 지역경제에 긍정적 효과를 주고 있음을 확인할 수 있다. EU차원 사례연구에서는 12개 주요 전자기업간 네트워크승수효과 (networking multiplier effect)가 크게 나타나고, 그리고 바덴지방 지역사례의 경우에서는 네트워크 참여기업의 경영성과가 현저히 우수한 것으로 조사되고 있다.
Abstract
In this paper focuses are layed on endogenous regional development. Since 1960s regional development strategy has been transformed from large-scale investments to institutionalizing of innovation network.Under innovation network paradigm, 3 actors (firms, universities, government) communicate each other through various channels, and eventually make feedback effects on each other.As case studies of innovation network, FP(Framework Program) of EU and Technology Promotion Network of Baden-Wurttenberg in Germany are under consideration. The projects under FP have come true to be positive on innovative networking. Among EU firms of electronic industry, the networking multiplier effects increases by times. In case of Baden-Wurttemberg geographic neighboring of concerned institutes plays a significant role for regional innovation. These experiences of EU give some implications in regional policies of Korea. Top agenda of political discussion in Korea is to reduce existing economic disparities among regions. In this sense, the innovation network paradigm of EU gets political attentions.
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