국민복지 증진 차원에서 본 노숙인 정책

Abstract

The magnitude and poor life of homeless people that have surged since the 1998 economic crisis in Korea has not changed much. Even though the basic human living rights are specified in the Constitution and distribution justice and human rights are emphasized, the homeless phenomenon of poor and miserable life has not much changed. The proportion of the homeless population is less than 1% in most developed countries, and less than 1 / 10,000 in Korea with GDP per capita exceeding $ 30,000, so the problem of the homeless in affluent society must be eradicated. The homeless phenomenon is more structural than personal problem. The rapid changes of economy and society, such as the rapid development and change of technology and industrial structure, the aging society, the rapid increase of single-family households and family dismantling, are continuously releasing the homeless to the society. On the other hand, the government, which is a provider of services, fails to take systematic measures to cope with street homelessness, and private organizations are not able to provide effective services for homelessness because they tend to approach human rights rather than the existing homeless. The problem of homelessness is not only in the blind spot of the market but also a typical example of government failure. In this paper, the problem of homelessness is approached from the model of national welfare based taking into account the security of the homeless person and the social cost to the society together. And then effective policy measures and their priorities are searched based on this model. If the problem of homelessness became chronical and solidified, it became difficult to believe the ability of the government to solve the market, and the role of the private sector as the subject of the third national welfare is emphasized.