René Girard의 미메시스 이론 탐색과 국제학생평가로그램(PISA) 비판적 검토를 통한 적용
René Girard's Mimesis Theory and Its Application for a Critical Review on OECD's PISA
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이 은 René Girard의 사상을 탐색하고, 이를 교육학 연구를 한 분석의 틀로 용하려는 목을 가지고 있다. 이를 해 Girard의 미메시스 이론(mimesis theory)을 체계으로 정리하 고, 이를 경제력개발기구(OECD)의 국제학생평가로그램(PISA) 정책을 비으로 분석하 는데 용하다. Girard의 에서 볼 때, 인류 문명과 사회 제 상은 모방 욕망, 모방 경쟁, 혹은 사회 욕망의 메커니즘으로 설명될 수 있다. Girard의 미메시스 이론에 입각하여 OECD의 PISA와 련된 담론을 분석하게 되면, 참여국들 간 혹은 참여국 내에서의 욕망과 모 방의 구조가 드러나게 된다. PISA의 본래 목은 각국의 학생들이 미래 사회에 효과으로 비하고 참여하기 해 요구되는 역량을 평가하는 것이다. 그러나 Girard의 이론에 비추어 볼 때 PISA는 참여국들로 하여 OECD의 지표를 따라 교육정책을 수립하고 개선하게 함으로써 세계 교육정책에 한 거버스를 구축하고, 국제인 비교평가정책을 지속해 나가려는, 욕 망-모방-희생양 삼기의 메커니즘에 의해 작동되는 교육정책이다.
Abstract
This study aims to explore René Girard's mimesis theory and utilize his idea as a theoretical and conceptual framework for educational research with an example of OECD's PISA. From the perspective of René Girard, desire is a fundamental reason of all human suffering and conflicts, mimesis is a critical feature of the desire, and our society can be understood by a mechanism of mimetic desire, mimetic competition, and social desire. Applying Girard's idea to OECD's PISA reveals a structure of desire and mimesis within/amongst participating countries of OECD PISA. Although PISA is to assess students' competencies for future society, mimesis theory enables us to consider it as a governing technology working by a mechanism of 'desire-mimesis-scapegoat' through establishing educational policies based on OECD's indicators, constructing global governance on education, and continuing international comparative assessment.
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