비디오 활용 사회상황이야기가 자폐성 아동의 사회적 의사소통 행동에 미치는 효과
The Influence that a Video Modeled Social Stories have on the Social Communication Behaviors of Children with Autism
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본 연구는 비디오모델링과 사회상황이야기를 통합한 비디오 활용 사회상황이야기 중재가 자폐성 아동의 사회적 의사소통 행동에 미치는 효과를 알아보는데 목적이 있다. 연구 대상은 서울시 A 특수학교 초등부에 재학 중인 8세에서 10세 사이의 자폐성 아동으로 담임교사의 추천과 학부모의 동의를 받아 3명을 최종 선정하였다. 본 연구는 대상자간 중다 간헐 기초선 설계를 사용하였으며, 기초선, 중재, 유지 단계의 순서로 이루어졌다. 자료 분석은 사회적 의사소통 행동의 향상 여부를 판단하기 위하여 시각적 분석과 중재 상황에서의 행동 평균, 중복된 자료의 비율에 근거하여 분석되었다. 본 연구의 결과, 비디오 활용 사회상황이야기는 자폐성 아동의 사회적 의사소통 행동을 향상시키는데 있어서 효과적이다. 기초선 단계에서 사회적 의사소통 행동 수준은 매우 낮았으나 중재 실시 후 중재 1단계에서 급격한 행동의 증가가 나타났고, 비디오모델링이 소거된 중재 2단계에서는 중재 1단계에 비해 다소 증가하거나 유사한 행동 수준을 보였다. 다른 또래 아동과 이루어진 일반화 상황에서도 중재 상황에 비해 다소 낮은 수준이었지만 유사한 행동 변화의 경향이 나타났다. 따라서 비디오 활용 사회상황이야기 중재는 자폐성 아동들의 사회적 의사소통 행동을 향상시키는데 매우 효과적이고 효율적인 중재 방법이라고 결론지을 수 있다. 특히 이 방법은 사회적 의사소통 행동의 향상 및 유지 뿐 만 아니라 대상 일반화에서도 높은 효과를 기대할 수 있다.
Abstract
This study examined the effectiveness of video modeled social story interventions for children diagnosed with autism to improve their social communication behaviors (seeking attention, initiating comments, initiating requests, and contingent responses). Three of elementary school children with autism, the age of 8 and 10, participated in the study. Using a multiple probe design across subjects, the video modeled social story intervention was implemented to the subject. The dependent measures for each subject consisted of specific target behaviors that occurred in baseline, intervention, maintenance, and generalization contexts. visual analysis, average and standard deviation, inclination, overlapping data were examined. The results of this study showed as follows. The intervention improved the frequency of social communication behaviors with all the subjects. The frequency of social communication behaviors with all the subjects was very low in the state of baseline stage, but when the intervention was introduced to each of the subjects, its frequency increased rapidly and maintained that way even after the intervention had been finished. And the proportion of the overlapping data by each stages was very low. And in generalization condition, the changed behaviors were generalized toward the other children of their age. The results of the study suggests that the video modeled social story intervention may have effectiveness to improve social communication behaviors in social contexts for children with autism spectrum disorders.
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