멀티미디어 기반의 또래 모델링-상황이야기 중재가 자폐성장애 학생의 사회적 의사소통행동 및 문제행동에 미치는 영향
Effects of Multimedia Based Peer Modeling -Social Story Intervention on Social Communication and Problem Behaviors of Children with Autistic Disorders
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초록
본 연구는 멀티미디어를 기반으로 한 상황이야기와 또래 모델링의 패키지 기법이 자폐성장애 학생의 사회적 의사소통행동 및 문제행동에 미치는 영향을 알아보았다. 대상학생은 4명이었으며, 대상 1명당 또래 학생 2명씩을 포함시켜 3명을 1개조로 하였다. 자폐성장애 학생의 부모와 담임교사의 면담을 거쳐 대상을 선정하였고, 관찰을 통해 목표행동을 설정하였다. 본 연구는 중다간헐기초선 설계를 채택하였으며, 연구자가 근무하는 교실에서 주 5∼6회기씩 실험을 실시하였다. 연구 결과는 행동 발생율을 백분율로 환산하여 그래프로 나타냈으며, 기울기, 자료의 중복 비율 및 사회적 타당도를 검증하여 분석하였다. 연구결과 대상학생 4명이 정도에 다소 차이는 있었으나 모두 비슷한 양상으로 사회적 의사소통행동이 증가되었고 문제행동은 감소되었으며, 일반화상황에서도 그러한 행동변화의 경향이 유지되었다. 따라서 멀티미디어 기반의 상황이야기와 또래 모델링을 복합화한 기법은 자폐성장애 학생의 사회적 의사소통행동을 증가시키고 문제행동을 감소시키는데 효과적인 중재방법이라고 결론 내릴 수 있다. 본 연구는 특수학교 고등학생들을 대상으로 또래를 포함시켰으며, 실험실 조건이 아니라 실제 상황에서 효과를 확인함으로써 긍정적 행동지원 중재 방안의 현장 적용의 방법을 확대하고 일반화 가능성을 높일 수 있는 실제적인 방안을 제시하고 있다.
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to identify the effects of combination of social story intervention and multimedia-based peer modeling on social communication and problem behaviors of children with autistic disorders. Four target students were in four triads, each of which was composed of one target student and two peer students. Total number of 55 sessions were made, each with 10 minutes of social story understanding and 20 minutes of intervention. Multiple probe design was utilized during baseline, intervention, and generalization periods according to each target student`s social communication and problem behaviors. The result of the study was that with slight difference but similar aspect, all four students showed increased social communication and decreased problem behaviors, and that was maintained in the generalization situation. Therefore, it can be concluded that intervention method of social story combined with multimedia-based peer modeling is effective in increasing social communication and decreasing problem behavior of children with autistic disorders.
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