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운동 프로그램이 아스퍼거 장애 아동의 불안과 위축 및 공격행동에 미치는 영향

The Effect of Exercise Program on Anxiety, Withdrawal and Aggression in Children with Asperger Disorder

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초록

아스퍼거 장애는 전반적 발달장애의 하위 유형으로 사회적 상호작용의 손상이 가장 큰 특징이라고 할 수 있다. 아스퍼거 장애의 부족한 사회성은 높은 불안으로 야기되는 위축과 공격성 같은 행동문제로 나타나 학교나 지역사회에 원만하게 적응하는 것을 방해하므로 중재할 필요가 있다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 운동 프로그램인 가볍게 걷기가 연구 대상인 2명의 아스퍼거 장애 아동의 위축 및 공격행동과 불안에 어떤 영향을 미치며 중재 후에도 영향이 지속되는가를 알아보기 위해 12주 동안 주 3회, 30분씩 가볍게 걷기를 실시하였다. 그리고 2명의 아스퍼거 장애 아동의 위축행동과 공격행동의 빈도에 미치는 영향을 확인하기 위해 BAB 설계를 사용하였고, 불안에 미치는 영향을 확인하기 위해서는 CBCL6-18을 사용하여 사전, 사후, 추후 검사를 실시하였다. 본 연구의 결과 아스퍼거 장애 아동의 위축행동과 공격행동의 빈도는 중재 구간 동안 감소되었으며 추후관찰에서도 감소된 빈도가 유지되었다. 그리고 불안 역시 사전검사에 비해 사후 검사 때 낮아졌고 추후관찰 때도 낮아진 불안의 정도가 유지되고 있는 것으로 나타났다.

Abstract

Asperger disorder is characterized by social impairment, highly circumscribed interests, repetitive behavior, and motor clumsiness. Social impairment features of AS are the cause anxiety, comorbid in children with AS. Anxiety produces a failure to adapt to their school or a community. However, little research is known about the intervention of anxiety in AS. Therefore, the present study examined 2 children with AS, and the use of exercise program in reducing anxiety, withdrawal and aggression. Participants completed 30-min walking exercise at 3 sessions per one week for 12 weeks. Participants were instructed to maintain an intensity 50% of their own maximum in exercise conditions. This study was practiced by applying BAB design and CBCL6-18 which was obtained at pre-treatment, post-treatment, and two-weeks follow-up. These results are as follows: First, withdrawal were reduced during intervention. Second, aggression were also reduced during intervention. Third, anxiety was lower at post-treatment than pre-treatment. Forth, two weeks follow-up responses were maintained the low state in withdrawal, aggression. and anxiety. In short, walking exercise to two children with AS proved effective in reducing and maintaining withdrawal, aggression, and anxiety.

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