유산소 운동이 아스퍼거 장애 청소년의 불안에 미치는 영향
Effects of Aerobic Exercise on Anxiety in Adolescents with Asperger Disorder
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아스퍼거 장애는 전반적 발달장애의 하위 유형으로 사회적 상호작용의 손상, 제한되고 상동적인 동작과 흥미를 가지고 있으나 인지나 언어 발달에 지체가 없는 것이 특징이다. 그러나 아스퍼거 장애의 부족한 사회성은 불안장애로 연결되어 학교나 지역사회에 원만하게 적응하는 데 어려움을 낳는다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 아스퍼거 장애의 불안을 중재하기 위해 큰 비용이나 시, 공간적 제약을 받지 않는 유산소 운동(걷기)을 중재 프로그램으로 선정하고 이를 정기적으로 실시하는 것이 아스퍼거 장애를 가진 3명의 청소년의 불안에 어떤 영향을 미치는가를 알아보았다. 이를 위해 14주 동안 주 3회, 30분씩 가벼운 유산소 운동을 실시하게 하였으며 유산소 운동을 실시하기 전과 운동을 실시한 후, 아스퍼거 장애를 가진 청소년들의 불안에 대해 불안 민감성 척도와 한국판 상태-특성 불안 척도를 사용하여 사전, 사후 및 후속 검사를 실시하였다. 그 결과 3명의 청소년 모두 중재 이후에 불안의 수준이 감소한 것을 확인할 수 있었고 4주 후의 후속 검사에서도 낮은 불안의 수준이 유지됨을 확인할 수 있었다.
Abstract
Asperger disorder(syndrome) is characterized by social impairment, highly circumscribed interests, repetitive behavior, and motor clumsiness. In contrast, there are no significant delay in verbal language or cognitive development. Social impairment features of AS are the cause anxiety, comorbid in adolescents with AS. Anxiety produces a failure to adapt to their school or a community. However, little research is known about the intervention of anxiety in AS. Therefore, the present study examined AS in 3 adolescents, and the use of aerobic exercise in reducing anxiety sensitivity and state-trait anxiety. Participants completed 30-min walking exercise at 3 sessions per one week for 14 weeks. Participants were instructed to maintain an intensity 50% of their own maximum in exercise conditions. Participants conducted self-rating of Anxiety Sensitivity Inventory(ASI) and State-Trait Anxiety Inventory(STAI). Inventories were obtained at pre-treatment, post-treatment, and four-weeks follow-up. These results indicated that anxiety sensitivity score and level reduction occurred after intervention of aerobic exercise. Four-weeks follow-up responses were not altered. State-trait anxiety score and level reduction occurred after intervention of aerobic exercise. Four-weeks follow-up responses were maintained the low state. In short, training aerobic exercise to adolescents with AS consistently decreased their anxiety.
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