한국어 부모용 아동 청각구화 수행 평가(PEACH) 척도의 인공와우 착용 아동 대상 적용 연구
Application of the Korean Version of the Parent’s Evaluation of Aural/Oral Performance of Children (PEACH) Rating Scale for Children with Cochlear Implants
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[목적] 부모용 아동 청각구화 수행 평가(Parent’s Evaluation of Aural/Oral Performance of Children, PEACH)는 청각장애 아동의 일상생활에서의 보장구 착용에 따른 청각구화 수행 능력을 측정하기 위해 개발된 설문지 검사도구이다. 본 연구는 한국어로 번역된 PEACH를 인공와우 착용 아동에게 적용하여 신뢰도를 측정하고, 이식 연령과 듣기 연령에 따른 인공와우 착용 아동의 청각구화 수행력의 발달 특성을 확인하는데 목적이 있다. [방법] 선천성 또는 언어습득 전 고심도 청각장애를 진단받은 만 0~7세의 인공와우 이식 아동 40명의 부모를 대상으로 PEACH를 0~4점의 5점 척도로 답하도록 하였다. 한국어 버전 PEACH에 대한 신뢰도 검증을 위해 문항 내적일치도와 검사-재검사를 실시하였다. 이식 연령(2세 이전, 2세 이후)과 듣기 연령(0~1세, 2~3세, 4~5세) 그룹에 따라 조용한 상황, 소음 상황, 총 점수를 산정하여 그룹 간, 문항 간 차이를 비교하였으며, 이식 연령에 따라 듣기 연령에 따른 PEACH 점수와의 상관성을 통해 발달적 특성을 살펴보았다. [결과] 한국어 버전 PEACH에 대한 신뢰도 검증 결과, Cronbach’s α값이 조용한 상황 0.889, 소음 상황 0.825, 전체 0.928로 높은 문항 내적일치도와 유의한 검사-재검사 신뢰도를 보였다. 이식 연령 그룹 간 유의한 점수 차이가 없었으나 2세 이전 그룹에서 조용한 상황 점수가 소음 상황 점수보다 유의미하게 높았다. 듣기 연령 0~1세가 다른 연령 그룹보다 유의하게 낮은 점수를 나타내었고, 2~3세와 4~5세 그룹은 조용한 상황이 소음 상황보다 유의하게 높은 점수를 나타내었다. 2세 이전 그룹에서는 듣기 연령이 증가할수록 PEACH 점수가 유의하게 증가한 반면 2세 이후 그룹에서는 유의미한 상관성을 보이지 않았다. [결론] 본 연구 결과, 한국어 버전 PEACH는 인공와우 착용 아동의 일상생활 청각구화 수행력을 평가하기에 신뢰도가 높은 설문지로 임상적 적정성을 나타내었다. 또한 인공와우 착용 아동의 청각구화 수행력은 이식 연령이 2세 이전인 경우 지속적인 발달을 보이며 듣기 연령이 5~6세 정도에서 만점에 가까운 PEACH 점수에 도달하는 것으로 나타났다. 그러므로 PEACH가 인공와우 착용 아동의 초기 청각구화 수행력에 대한 정보를 제공하는 유용한 임상적 도구라고 판단된다.
Abstract
[Purpose] The Parent’s Evaluation of Aural/Oral Performance of Children (PEACH) rating scale is a questionnaire test tool developed to evaluate auditory aural/oral performance of hearing-impaired children with hearing devices in everyday situations. This study aimed to measure the reliability of the Korean version of PEACH in children with cochlear implants (CI) and to investigate the auditory performance and developmental characteristics of children with CI by the implanted age and the hearing age. [Method] Parents of 40 children with CI aged 0 to 7 years who were diagnosed with hearing loss before language acquisition were asked to answer PEACH on a 5-point scale ranging from 0 to 4. To determine the reliability of PEACH, inter-item consistency and test-retest reliability were measured. The PEACH scores (Quiet, Noise, Overall) were obtained for two implanted age groups (implantation before 24 months old [IB], and implantation after 24 months [IA]) and three hearing age groups (0–1, 2–3, and 4–5 years old). The PEACH score differences were compared between items and groups, and the correlation between scores according to implanted age and hearing age was examined. [Results] Cronbach’s alpba values of the Korean version of PEACH were 0.889 in Quiet, 0.825 in Noise, and 0.928 in Overall, indicating high inter-item consistency and significant results in test-retest reliability. No significant difference in scores between the implanted age groups was shown, yet the Quiet scores were significantly higher than the Noise scores in the IB group. Hearing ages 2–3 and 4–5 showed significantly higher scores than 0–1 and significantly higher scores in Quiet than in Noise. The PEACH score increased significantly in the IB group as hearing age increased, but there was no significant correlation in the IA group. [Conclusion] The findings of this study indicate that the Korean version of PEACH is a highly reliable questionnaire, confirming its appropriateness in clinical use. Furthermore, CI users with implantation before 24 months of age showed continuous development, nearly reaching a full score in PEACH at the hearing age of 5–6. Therefore, PEACH could be applied as a useful test tool to provide information on the early-age auditory performance of children with CI.
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