로봇과 자폐 아동의 상호작용에 관한 실험 연구
Experimental Research of Interactions Between Children with Autism and Robots
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본 연구는 자폐를 가진 아동의 장난감 놀이상황에서, 전자 장난감 로봇과 대상 아동간의 상호작용과 일반 장난감 로봇과의 상호작용 정도에 차이가 존재하는지를 비교실험을 통해 조사해보았다. 3명의 자폐를 가진 아동에게 14회기에 걸쳐서 전원을 끈 상태의 장난감 로봇과 전원을 켠 장난감 로봇을 가지고 놀게 한 놀이 실험 상황에서 장난감 로봇과의 상호작용을 놀이조작 빈도수와 놀이조작 지속시간을 측정하였다. 연구는 교사면담, 아동관찰, 비교실험연구, 그리고 교사면담 순으로 이루어졌으며, 연구도구는 대구경북과학기술원(DGIST)에서 제공한 6대의 전자 장난감 로봇으로 실험을 진행하였다. 연구결과 전반적으로 참여 아동 모두가 전원을 끈 장난감 로봇에 비해 대체로 전원을 켠 장난감 로봇을 가지고 노는 상호작용 빈도수와 상호작용 지속시간이 증가하였다. 몇몇 종류의 장난감 로봇에서는 전원을 켠 상태에서 이러한 상호작용의 지속성과 빈도의 순위의 변화가 나타나기도 했으나, 6대의 장난감 로봇의 선호도는 아동마다 차이가 있었다. 이 실험과 관련한 향후 연구를 위한 제안과 이 실험의 제한점에 관해 토의하였다.
Abstract
The purpose of this experimental study is to examine whether there is any difference in interactions of autistic children between electronic robotic toys and non-electronic robotic toys. Three young children with autism were observed while they played with six different electronic robotic toys with the power off and then with the power on. The frequency and duration of their interactions with each toys were collected using event sampling and partial interval methods to compare the mean differences in terms of their interactions. The results of the study showed that overall frequency and duration of interactions increased when participants played with electronic robotic toys. However, there was much variations in the order of toys each participant played with, in terms of duration and frequency. Research implications for future study and the limitations of this study were discussed.
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