확정급여형(DB) 퇴직연금의 성별 연금격차 실증분석:O-B 분해분석을 중심으로
An Empirical Study on the Gender Pension Gap in Korea Occupational DB Pension Plans Using O-B Decomposition Method
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초록
본 연구는 확정급여형퇴직연금제도에 가입한 퇴직 근로자 4,120명을 대상으로 성별 연금격차가 존재하며 그 원인은 기준임금과 근속연수에 기인함을 실증 분석하였다. 또한 Oaxaca-Blinder 분해분석과 무조건분위회귀를 활용한 분해분석 방법을 적용한 결과에 의하면 여성의 평균 퇴직적립금이 남성의 23%에 해당하는 성별 연금격차가 존재함을 확인하였다. 아울러 이러한 성별 연금격차는 상대적으로 퇴직적립금의 상위 분위보다 하위 분위에서 격차가 더 큰 것으로 분석되었다. 결론적으로 최저연금제와 같은 소득 수준별 연금정책을 도입한다면 성별 연금격차를 효율적으로 감축할 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.
Abstract
This study empirically analyzes the existence of a gender pension gap in Korea occupational defined benefit pension plans and then finds out that the reference wage and career duration cause the gap. Our research covers 4,120 members retired in 2019. Oaxaca-Blinder decomposition method indicates that the female-male ratio of the mean accumulated pension benefits is 0.23, confirming that there is a gender pension gap. And also, the unconditional quantile regression method shows that the gap is larger in the lower quantile than in the upper quantile of the accumulated pension benefits. Our results suggest that introducing the so-called minimum pension guaranty only for the lowest quantile would mitigate a gender gap in defined benefit pension plan efficiently.
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