정서적 과제와 인지적 과제에 나타난 대학생의 위험감수의 차이
Differences in College Students’ Risk-Taking in Affective and Cognitive Tasks
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이 연구에서는 정서적 과제와 인지적 과제에서 대학생의 위험감수와 위험감수에 영향을 미치는 정보의 사용에 차이가 있는지를 살펴보고, 성격특성과 위험감수의 관계를 검증하였다. 120명의 대학생이 콜롬비아카드과제의 정서적 과제나 인지적 과제 중 하나를 수행하였고, 동시에 충동성척도, 감각추구척도와 행동활성화 및 행동억제체계척도를 완성하였다. 연구결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 대학생은 인지적 과제보다 정서적 과제에서 위험감수를 더 많이 하였다. 둘째, 위험감수에 영향을 미치는 정보의 사용은 인지적 과제보다 정서적 과제에서 더 제한적이었다. 셋째, 가설과 다르게 성격특성과 위험감수의 관계는 정서적 과제가 아니라 인지적 과제에서 나타났다. 충동성의 하위요인인 운동충동성과 행동활성화체계는 위험감수와 정적 상관을 나타내어서 생각이 없이 말하거나 행동하고, 보상에 민감하고, 재미를 많이 추구하는 대학생이 인지적 과제에서 위험감수를 더 많이 하였다.
Abstract
This study examined differences in risk-taking and information use in affective and cognitive tasks and the relationships between personality factors and risk-taking. One hundred twenty college students completed either affective or cognitive tasks from the Columbia Card Task, impulsivity scale, sensation-seeking scale and Behavioral Activation and Behavioral Inhibition System(BAS/BIS) scale. Students took more risks and used less information in the affective task than in the cognitive task. Contrary to our expectations, personality factors did not show a stronger relationship with risk-taking in affective task than in cognitive task. Motor impulsivity showed a significant positive correlation with risk-taking in the cognitive task-Specifically, students who spoke and behaved without thinking took more risks. BAS showed a significant relationship with risk-taking in the cognitive task-Specifically, students who were sensitive to rewards and sought more pleasures took more risks in the cognitive task.
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