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젊은 성인에서 아이오와 도박과제와 주사위게임과제를 이용한 의사결정능력의 평가

The Assessment of Decision-Making in Young Adults Using Iowa Gambling Task and Game of Dice Task

조현진|서유진|김양태|이양현
대한생물치료정신의학회 (Korean Society Of Biological Therapies In Psychiatry)|2007.12|생물치료정신의학 (Journal of the Korean Society of Biological Therapies in Psychiatry)|제13권 제2호|pp. 190-198

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키워드

의사결정·아이오와 도박과제·주사위게임과제.Decision-making·Iowa gambling task·Game of dice task.
주제분류정신과학

초록

본 연구에서는 아이오와 도박과제와 주사위게임과제 수행과 관련된 인구학적 및 신경심리학적 요인에 대해 알아보고, 이 두 가지 의사결정과제 간의 관련성도 살펴보았다. 첫째, 아이오와 도박과제와 주사위게임과제 모두 성별과 지능, 작동기억과는 연관성이 없었다. 둘째, 아이오와 도박과제와 주사위게임과제 수행 사이에는 상관관계가 있었고, 아이오와 도박과제 수행 정도에 따라 대상을 비손상군과 손상군으로 나누어서 살펴보았을 때 손상군은 비손상군에 비해 주사위게임과제에 서 위험한 선택을 할 가능성이 높았다. 이 결과에 대한 이유로 위험선택성, 보상에 대한 과민, 충동성을 고려해 볼 수 있다. 이는 젊은 성인에서의 의사결정을 본 것으로, 정서 및 인지 이외의 요소가 의사결정에 영향을 끼칠 수 있음을 제시한다.

Abstract

Objectives：Decision-making ability is one of the most important human functions to maintain everyday life. Two commonly used decision-making tools, the Iowa Gambling Task(IGT) and the Game of Dice Task(GDT) has been drawing attention because two tasks may reflect distinctive aspects of decision-making；the IGT for affective and the GDT for cognitive aspect of decision-making. This study examined the demographic and neuropsychological factors affecting the performance of the IGT and the GDT and any relationship between the two tasks. Methods：Eighty seven healthy young adults(female=41) underwent intelligence test, computerized versions of the IGT, the GDT and the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test(WCST). Results：The performances on both tasks had no relationships with sex, intelligence, and working memory. There was a significant yet moderate correlation between emotional decision-making tested by the IGT and cognitive decision-making by the GDT. In a subanalysis dividing subjects into‘non-impaired’ and‘impaired’ group according to the performance on the IGT, subjects in impaired group were more likely to make riskier choices than those in non-impaired group were. Conclusion：These results suggest that both decision-making tasks are relatively independent to sex, intelligence and working memory, and common factors shared by both tasks should be considered when it comes to interpret the performance on the IGT and the GDT together. The reason for this correlation between two decisionmaking tasks was explained by the perspectives of risk taking, hypersensitivity to rewards, and impulsivity.

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