사적연금 소득대체율 추정에 의한 노후소득보장수준 평가
Replacement Rate of Private Pensions and the Adequacy of Retirement Income Security in Korea
0
조회
0
다운로드
24
인용
0
참고문헌
키워드
초록
<국문초록> 현행 연금제도 하의 노후소득보장수준을 평가하기 위해 본 연구는 한국노동패널데이터를 활용하여 적정소득대체율과 예상소득대체율을 추정한다. 추정 결과에 따르면 공적, 사적 연금급여에 의한 실제 예상소득대체율은 약 55% 수준이며, 이는 적정소득대체율 (최소 61.4%～최대64.9%)과 괴리를 보이고 있어 연금제도의 노후소득보장기능에 문제가 있음을 보여준다. 특히 퇴직연금 중간정산이 없다는 가정 하의 사적연금 예상소득대체율 추정치는 20% 수준(퇴직연금 12.5%, 개인연금 7.5%)인 것으로 나타나며, 이는 OECD 및 ILO 기준에 훨씬 미달하는 수준이다. 따라서 사적연금의 소득대체율 제고를 위한 연금제도의 모수적 개선과 더불어 공사연금간의 역할분담체계와 같은 시스템적 개선이 고령화리스크 대응과 근로자의 노후소득보장 강화차원에서 이루어져야 할 것이다.
Abstract
In order to evaluate the adequacy of old-age retirement income security provided by current Korean pension schemes, this study attempts to estimate both adequate target replacement rate desired for the elderly and the actually expected replacement rate using Korean Labor Panel Data. The expected income replacement rate is estimated to be 55.0 percent which is far below adequate replacement rate ranging from 61.4 to 64.9 percent. The central finding strongly suggests the need for the improvement of pension system. In particular, the actually expected replacement rate of private pensions is only 20 percent which is much below the threshold of adequacy recommended by OECD and ILO. Especially, replacement rate expected by retirement pension is just 12.5 percent under current labor market conditions and regulatory environment of retirement pension. In order to manage aging risks and improve employees' retirement income security, required are systemic reform of the division of role between public and private pensions and parametric reform to private pensions.
참고문헌 (42)
- 류건식, "퇴직연금중심의 근로자 노후소득보장 과제", 보험연구원, IBR, ~ (2008)
- 류건식, "사적연금제도의 노후소득보장 효과분석", 기업경영연구, 15(3), pp.189~205 (2008), 한국기업경영학회
- 문형표, "고령화와 노후소득보장", 한국개발연구원, ~ (2005)
- 박진모, "금융기관별 퇴직연금 운용방식 및 수익률 현황", 증권연구원, ~ (2008)
- 석재은, "노령계층의 소득계층별 필요소득수준 연구", 한국인구학, 26(1), pp.79~113 (2003), 한국인구학회
- 안종범, "은퇴자가구의 적정 소득 대체율", 한국경제연구, 15, pp.5~34 (2005), 한국경제연구학회
- 여윤경, "목표 소득대체율을 통한 은퇴소비의 추정", 대한가정학회지, 40(3), pp.83~97 (2002), 대한가정학회
- 원종욱, "국민연금의 적정소득대체율 분석", 보건복지포럼, 45, pp.32~42 (2000)
- 이봉주, "韓國型 退職年金制における 受給權保護と 向後の課題", 保險學雜誌, 593, pp.51~69 (2006)
- 임병인, "국민 ∙ 퇴직 ∙ 개인연금의 소득계층별 노후소득보장 효과", 보험금융연구, 16(3), pp.89~121 (2005), 보험연구원
- 전병힐, "평균은퇴연령에 대하여", 재정포럼, 146, pp.19~39 (2008)
- 한국노동연구원, "고령화연구패널조사", ~ (2006)
- 허석균, "횡단면 자료를 이용한 가구소비 결정요인에 관한 연구", 한국개발연구, 27(1), pp.1~38 (2005), 한국개발연구원
- Alford, S., "Affordable Retirement: Light at the End of the Tunnel", Benefits Quarterly, 20, pp.8~14 (2004)
- Ando, A, "The Life Cycle Hypothesis of Saving: Aggregate Implication and Test", American Economic Review, 53, pp.55~84 (1963)
- Aon Consulting, "Replacement Ratio Study", Aon Consulting, ~ (2008)
- Trends in household saving: a tale of two countries, "Attanasio, O", IFS Working Papers, ~ (1998)
- Axel H. Borsch-Supan, "Pension Reform in Six Countries: What Can We Learn From Each Other?" (2001), Springer
- A New Equivalence Scale, "Bradshaw Jonathan", Working Paper, ~ (2008)
- Capretta, James C., "Global Aging and the Sustainability of Public Pension Systems", ,Center for Strategic & International Studies, ~ (2007)
- Citro, Connie F, "Measuring Poverty: A New Approach, Washington, D.C" (1995), National Academy Press
- Gale, William G., "Public Policies and Private Pension Contributions, of Money", Credit, and Banking, 3, pp.710~732 (1994)
- Retirement Outcomes in the Health and Retirement Study, "Gustman", NBER Working Paper, ~ (2000)
- Hagenaars, A., "Poverty Statistics in the Late 1980s: Research Based on Micro-data" (1994), Office for Official Publications of the European Communities
- Hall, R., "Stochastic Implications of the Life Cycle Permanent Income Hypothesis: Theory and Evidence", Journal of Political Economy, 86(6), pp.971~987 (1978)
- Holzmann, Robert, "Old-Age Income Support in the 21st Century: An International Pespective on Pension Systems and Reform" (2005), World Bank
- Immergut, Ellen M., "The Handbook of West European Politics" (2006), Oxford University Press
- Independent Evaluation Group-World Bank, "Pension Reform and the Development of Pension Systems" (2006), World Bank
- Jacob, Mincer, "Investment in Human Capital and Personal Income Distribution", Journal of Political Economy, 66(4), pp.281~301 (1958)
- James, Estelle, "The Political Economy of Structural Pension Reform" (2001), World Bank
- Laboul Andre, "Private Pension Systems: Regulatory Policies", OECD, ~ (1998)
- McClements, L., "The economics of social security" (1978), Heinemann
- How do pensions affect replacement rates?, Issue in Brief, Chesnut Hill, "Munnel, Alicia H", MA:Center for Retirement Research at Boston College, ~ (2005)
- How important are private pensions?, Issue in Brief, Chesnut Hill, "Munnel, Alicia H.", MA:Center for Retirement Research at Boston College, ~ (2002)
- OECD, "Pensions at a Glance: Public Policies Across OECD Countries", OECD Publishing, ~ (2007)
- 2001 GSU, "AON RETIRE Project Report", Palmer, Bruce A., 2001, 01-1
- A New Pension Settlement for the Twenty-First Century: The Second Report of Pensions Commission, "Pension Commission", London Stationary Office, ~ (2005)
- Neutral or Fair? Actuarial Concepts and Pension-System Design Social, "Queisser, M", OECD, ~ (2006)
- Rein, Martin, "-Private Interactions: Mandatory Pensions in Australia, the Netherlands and Switzerland", Review of Population and Social Policy, 10, pp.1~47 (2001)
- Scholz, John Karl, "Americans Saving 'Optimally' for retirement?", Journal of Political Economy, 114(4), pp.607~643 (2006)
- Van der Auwera, Michiel, "Pension Reform and ADB Interventions" (2006), Asian Development Bank
- World Bank, "Averting the Old Age Crisis: Policies to Protect the Old and Promote Growth" (1994), Oxford University Press