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자폐스펙트럼장애(Autism Spectrum Disorder) 아동의 부모에게 감각통합 중심의 비대면 부모교육 프로그램 적용: 혼합 연구방법 사례연구

Applying a Sensory Integration-Focused Remote Parent Education Program for Parents of Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Mixed-Methods Case Study

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초록

본 연구는 자폐스펙트럼장애 아동의 감각조절능력 향상을 위한 비대면 부모교육 프로그램이 아동의 감각 조절 문제와 부모의 양육스트레스 및 양육효능감에 미치는 변화를 확인하는 것을 목적으로 하였다. 본 연구의 비대면 부모교육 프로그램은 2021년 4월 13일부터 5월 25일 동안 매주 1회, 1시간씩 진행되었으며, 종료 2주 후 사후 회기를 진행하였다. 비대면 부모교육 프로그램 중 감각식이는 실행연구 절차에 따라 수행되었으며, 아동과 부모에 미치는 변화를 확인하기 위해 질적자료와 양적자료를 사용하였다. 질적자료는 문서자료, 관찰 및 인터뷰, 동영상, 아동 작업수행 프로파일 및 일과표를 통해 수집되었으며, 양적자료는 양육스트레스 검사, 양육효능감 척도, Sensory Profile 2를 통해 수집되었다. 아동은 감각식이 프로그램을 통해 문제행동의 감소를 보였으며, Sensory Profile 2 검사 결과 모든 영역에서 원점수의 감소를 보였다. 프로그램 실행 후, 부모는 아동 학업지도, 문제행동, 부모 교육의 효과에 대해 긍정적 태도 및 관점 변화를 나타냈다. 부모 양육스트레스 검사는 74점에서 71점으로 감소하였으며, 양육효능감 척도 점수는 모든 영역에서 향상하였다. 본 연구의 프로그램을 통해 교육을 받은 부모의 양육 태도, 관점, 스트레스 및 효능감 지수의 긍정적 변화를 확인할 수 있었으며, 이를 통해 부모의 경험과 성찰이 담긴 비대면 부모교육 프로그램에 대한 효과에 대한 가능성을 확인할 수 있었다.

Abstract

This study aimed to investigate the effects of remote parent education on improving sensory regulation abilities in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), as well as reducing parents' parenting stress and enhancing their parenting efficacy. The remote parent education program was conducted once a week for an hour, starting from April 13, 2021, and ending on May 25, 2021.A follow-up session was held two weeks after the program's completion. The implementation of a sensory diet, following the action research process, served as the intervention method. The study collected both qualitative and quantitative data to assess the changes in both children and parents. Qualitative data were obtained through document analysis, observations, interviews, videos, and assessments of child work performance profiles and schedules. Quantitative data were collected using measures such as the parenting stress test, parenting efficacy scale, and Sensory Profile 2. The child showed a reduction in problem behavior through the implementation of the sensory diet, as indicated by decreased scores in the Sensory Profile-2 across all domains. Moreover, parents exhibited improved attitudes and perspectives towards the effects of academic advising for their children, managing problem behavior, and participating in parent education. The parenting stress test scores decreased from 74 to 71 points, and the parenting efficacy scale scores improved in all domains. These findings confirmed the positive changes in parenting attitudes, perspectives, stress levels, and efficacy indices among parents who participated in the education program. The inclusion of parents' experiences and reflections in the parent education program added significance to this study.

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