코로나 시기 한국 성인의 직무소진 변화궤적 분석: 잠재계층성장분석(LCGA)을 이용한 종단연구
Trajectories of Job Burnout Among Korean Adults During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Longitudinal Study Using Latent Growth Analysis (LCGA)
0
조회
0
다운로드
0
인용
0
참고문헌
키워드
초록
본 연구에서는 코로나 시기 동안 국내 성인의 직무소진 변화 궤적에 따른 잠재집단을 확인한 후 변화유형에 영향을 미치는 예측요인을 살펴보고, 각 유형별 삶의만족과 외로움의 차이를 확인하고자 하였다. 이를 위해 본 연구에서는 2021년 2월부터 2022년 8월까지 8개월 간격으로 수집된 국내 성인 381명의 세 시점 자료를 활용하여 직무소진의 변화를 유형화하는 잠재계층성장분석을 실시하였다. 분석결과, 최종 4개의 집단이 가장 적절한 것으로 나타났으며, 변화양상에 따라 각각의 집단을 ‘회복집단(집단1)’, ‘지연소진집단(집단2)’, ‘탄력성집단(집단3)’, ‘만성소진집단(집단4)’으로 명명하였다. 직무소진의 발달궤적 변화유형에 영향요인을 확인한 결과, 높은 연령은 지연소진집단과 탄력성집단에, 여성 성별과 높은 경제적 수준은 탄력성집단에 속할 확률이 높은 것으로 나타났다. 마지막으로 직무소진의 변화유형에 따른 삶의만족과 외로움의 차이를 확인한 결과, 모든 조사시기에 탄력성집단이 높은 삶의만족 수준을 보이는 것으로 나타났다. 또한 외로움의 경우, 시점 간 차이는 있었지만 전반적으로 지연소진집단, 회복집단, 탄력성집단 순으로 외로움이 높게 나타났다. 본 연구결과는 향후 전염병 상황에서 국내 성인의 정신건강 향상을 위한 기초적인 자료와 정책적 대안을 모색하는 근거로 활용될 수 있을 것이다.
Abstract
This study tried to identify potential groups according to the trajectory of job burnout changes in adults during the COVID-19 period, examine predictive factors affecting the type of change, and identify differences in life satisfaction and loneliness for each type. To this end, a latent class growth analysis was conducted on 381 adults during the COVID-19 pandemic to categorize changes in job burnout. As a result of the analysis, the final four groups were found to be the most appropriate, and each group was named ‘recovery group’, ‘delayed burnout group’, ‘resilience group’, and ‘chronic burnout group’ according to the pattern of change. As a result of examining the influence factors on the type of change in the development trajectory of job burnout, it was found that older people are more likely to belong to delayed burnout groups and resilience group, and women’s gender and high economic levels are more likely to belong to elastic groups. Finally, examining the differences in life satisfaction and loneliness across job burnout change types showed that elastic groups consistently reported high life satisfaction in all survey periods. In addition, in the case of loneliness, there was a difference between points of time, but overall loneliness was high in the order of delayed burnout, recovery, and resilience group. The results of this study can be used as ac basis for seeking basic data and policy alternatives to improve mental health of adults in Korea in future infectious disease situations.
참고문헌 (75)
- "코로나19 장기화로 비정규직 ‘정규직 전환’ 2년 연속 감소" (2021), 경향신문[URL]
- "재택근무 활용실태설문조사 결과보고서" (2020), 고용노동부[URL]
- 김수영, "코로나19 이후 재택근무로 인한 작업공간과 직장 인간관계의 변화", 한국사회정책, 29(3), pp.31~72 (2022)
- 김영미, "코로나-19 속 한국의 일ㆍ가족양립 현실, 위기로 끝낼 것인가, 변화의기회로 만들 것인가", 월간 공공정책, 174, pp.56~59 (2020)
- 김의종, "근로자의 일과 삶의 균형이 가정, 조직 및 개인에 미치는 영향", 한국심리학회지 : 산업 및 조직, 33(3), pp.267~296 (2020)
- 김준미, "코로나 19 전후 초등교사 소진 잠재프로파일의 전이양상과 직무요구의 영향", 한국심리학회지 : 학교, 19(2), pp.81~107 (2022)
- 박상미, "코로나19 시기, 사회복지사의 소진에 영향을 미치는 요인에 관한 연구 : 감정노동과 직무스트레스를 중심으로", 인문사회 21, 13(3), pp.153~166 (2022)
- 박유진, "코로나 19 범유행 상황에서 임상간호사의 소진 영향요인-신체증상, 우울, 감염스트레스와 직무스트레스 중심으로", 한국간호연구학회지, 5(3), pp.11~23 (2021)
- 박창연, "코로나 바이러스로 인한 관광종사자들의 스트레스와 직업불안이 직무만족과 삶의만족에 미치는 영향 : 정부신뢰의 조절효과를 중심으로", 호텔경영학연구, 29(8), pp.43~57 (2020)
- "일상을 잠시 멈추고마음에 쉼표를 더하세요. 코로나19 관련업무 종사자 대상 소진관리프로그램 ‘마음쉼표’ 운영" (2022), 보건복지부[URL]
- 서영석, "한국인의 외로움(loneliness) : 개념적 정의와 측정에 관한 고찰", 한국심리학회지 : 일반, 39(2), pp.205~247 (2020)
- 손영주, "경찰공무원의직무 스트레스와 소진의 관계", 스트레스硏究, 16(3), pp.225~231 (2008)
- 신강현, "일반직 종사자를 위한 직무 소진 척도(MBI-GS)에 대한 타당화 연구", 한국심리학회지 : 산업 및 조직, 16(3), pp.1~17 (2003)
- 유은주, "미용실 종사자의 감정노동, 직무스트레스, 직무소진 및사회적 지지가 이직의도에 미치는 영향", 디지털융복합연구, 12(12), pp.427~439 (2014)
- 이동훈, "코로나 19 팬데믹 시기 동안 한국인의 정서적 디스트레스에 영향을 미치는 심리사회적 요인의 영향력에 대한 종단 두시점비교연구", 한국심리학회지 : 문화 및 사회문제, 27(4), pp.629~659 (2021)
- 이은영, "잠재계층분석(LCA)을이용한 COVID-19 시기 재택근무 워킹맘의 삶의 만족도에 대한 연구", 아시아여성연구, 62(3), pp.69~114 (2023)
- 임영진, "한국판 삶의만족도 척도의 신뢰도와 타당도 : 경찰공무원, 대학생, 청소년을 대상으로", 한국심리학회지 : 일반, 31(3), pp.877~896 (2012)
- 전애은, "코로나-19 상황에서 공항 지상직 직원이 경험한 심리적 소진의회복과정에 관한 현상학적 연구", 관광연구저널, 37(2), pp.131~145 (2023)
- 진은주, "한국판 UCLA 외로움척도 3판의 타당화", 청소년학연구, 26(10), pp.53~80 (2019)
- 황수경, "코로나 전후 고용구조 변화의특징과 쟁점: 분기자료 활용을 중심으로" (2022), 한국노동연구원
- 황예은, "재택근무 동안 기질과 우울 및 불안 간 관계에서 일-가정 갈등과 외로움의 병렬다중매개효과", 스트레스硏究, 30(2), pp.75~84 (2022)
- Aguiar, J., "Parental burnout and the COVID 19 pandemic : How Portuguese parents experienced lockdown measures", Family Relations, 70(4), pp.927~938 (2021)[DOI]
- Ahola, K., "Interventions to alleviate burnout symptoms and to support return to work among employees with burnout : Systematic review and meta-analysis", Burnout research, 4, pp.1~11 (2017)[DOI]
- Almulihi, Q. A. A., "Gender-based Differences in Burnout During the COVID-19 Pandemic:Are Female Nurses More Prone to Burnout Than Males? A Meta-analysis", International Journal of Health Sciences, IV, pp.2061~2073 (2022)[DOI]
- Alrawashdeh, H. M., "Occupational burnout and job satisfaction among physicians in times of COVID-19crisis : a convergent parallel mixed-method study", BMC public health, 21, pp.1~18 (2021)[DOI]
- Brewer, E. W., "Employee burnout : A meta-analysis of the relationship between age or years of experience", Human resource development review, 3(2), pp.102~123 (2004)[DOI]
- Cañadas-De la Fuente, G. A., "Gender, marital status, and children as risk factors for burnout in nurses : A meta-analytic study", International journal of environmental research and public health, 15(10), pp.2102~ (2018)[DOI]
- Costin, A., "Remote work burnout, professional job stress, and employee emotional exhaustion during the COVID-19 pandemic", Frontiers in psychology, 14, pp.1193854~ (2023)[DOI]
- De Cuyper, N., "A multiple-group analysis of associations between emotional exhaustion and supervisor-rated individual performance : Temporary versus permanent call center workers", Human Resource Management, 53(4), pp.623~633 (2014)[DOI]
- Diener, E., "Intensity and frequency : dimensions underlying positive and negative affect", Journal of personality and social psychology, 48(5), pp.1253~ (1985)[DOI]
- Dinibutun, S. R., "Factors associated with burnout among physicians: an evaluation during a period of COVID-19 pandemic", Journal of healthcare leadership, pp.85~94 (2020)[DOI]
- Etesam, F., "Comparative study of occupational burnout and job stress of frontline and non-frontline healthcare workers in hospital wards during COVID-19pandemic", Iranian Journal of Public Health, 50(7), pp.1428~ (2021)[DOI]
- Evans, A. M., "Extroversion and conscientiousness predict deteriorating job outcomes during the COVID-19 transition to enforced remote work", Social Psychological and Personality Science, 13(3), pp.781~791 (2022)[DOI]
- Fiabane, E., "Psychological and work-related factors associated with emotional exhaustion among healthcare professionals during the COVID-19 outbreak in Italian hospitals", Nursing & Health Sciences, 23(3), pp.670~675 (2021)[DOI]
- Gómez-Urquiza, J. L., "Prevalence of burnout syndrome in emergency nurses: A meta-analysis", Critical care nurse, 37(5), pp.e1~e9 (2017)[DOI]
- Hayes, S. W., "Perceived Stress, Work-Related Burnout, and Working From Home Before and During COVID-19: An Examination of Workers in the United States", Sage Open, 11(4) (2021)[DOI]
- Huo, L., "Burnout and its relationship with depressive symptoms in medical staff during the COVID-19 epidemic in China", Frontiers in psychology, 12, pp.616369~ (2021)[DOI]
- Hwang, H., "Emotional exhaustion among the South Korean workforce before and after COVID‐19", Psychology and Psychotherapy: Theory, Research and Practice, 94(2), pp.371~381 (2021)[DOI]
- Innstrand, S. T., "Exploring within-and between-gender differences in burnout : 8different occupational groups", International archives of occupational and environmental health, 84, pp.813~824 (2011)[DOI]
- Jalili, M., "Burnout among healthcare professionals during COVID-19pandemic : a cross-sectional study", International archives of occupational and environmental health, 94, pp.1345~1352 (2021)[DOI]
- Jung, T., "An introduction to latent class growth analysis and growth mixture modeling", Social and personality psychology compass, 2(1), pp.302~317 (2008)[DOI]
- Kabir, M. J., "Job burnout, job satisfaction, and related factors among health care workers in Golestan Province, Iran", Electronic physician, 8(9), pp.2924~ (2016)[DOI]
- Kanayama, M., "Longitudinal burnout-collaboration patterns in Japanese medical care workers at special needs schools: a latent class growth analysis", Psychology research and behavior management, pp.139~146 (2016)[DOI]
- Karcz, E., "Loneliness, complaining and professional burnout of medical personnel of psychiatric wards during COVID-19 pandemic —cross-sectional study", Healthcare, 10(1), pp.145~ (2022), MDPI[DOI]
- Khanna, R., "Making working from home work : reflections on adapting to change", Australasian Psychiatry, 28(5), pp.504~507 (2020)[DOI]
- Kline, R. B, "Principles and practice of structural equation modeling" (2023), Guilford publications
- Kumaresan, A., "Prevalence of burnout syndrome among Work-From-Home IT professionals during the COVID-19pandemic", Work, 71(2), pp.379~384 (2022)[DOI]
- Kvarme, L. G., "Associations between general self-efficacy and health-related quality of life among 12-13-year-old school children : a cross-sectional survey", Health and Quality of Life Outcomes, 7, pp.1~8 (2009)[DOI]
- Łaskawiec-Żuławińska, D, "Burnout and Life Satisfaction among Healthcare Workers Related to the COVID-19 Pandemic(Silesia, Poland)", Behavioural Neurology, 2024(1), pp.9945392~ (2024)[DOI]
- Lee, S., "Social support, work-family conflict, and emotional exhaustion in South Korea", Psychological reports, 113(2), pp.619~634 (2013)[DOI]
- Lee, Y., "Transitions in adulthood and women’s attitudes toward the gender division of labor in South Korea", Journal of Child and Family Studies, 28, pp.1815~1825 (2019)[DOI]
- Luceño-Moreno, L., "Mental health, burnout, and resilience in healthcare professionals after the first wave of COVID-19 pandemic in Spain: a longitudinal study", Journal of occupational and environmental medicine, 64(3), pp.e114~e123 (2022)[DOI]
- Marchand, A., "Do age and gender contribute to workers’ burnout symptoms?", Occupational medicine, 68(6), pp.405~411 (2018)[DOI]
- Martins, V., "The mediating role of life satisfaction in the relationship between depression, anxiety, stress and burnout among Portuguese nurses during COVID-19pandemic", BMC nursing, 21(1), pp.188~ (2022)[DOI]
- Maslach, C., "The measurement of experienced burnout", Journal of organizational behavior, 2(2), pp.99~113 (1981)[DOI]
- Matsuo, T., "Burnout and its associated factors among healthcare workers and the general working population in Japan during the COVID-19 pandemic: a nationwide cross-sectional internet-based study", BMJ open, 12(11), pp.e064716~ (2022)[DOI]
- McCann, J. T., "An exploration of burnout among online university professors", International Journal of E-Learning & Distance Education, 2009, pp.23(3), 97~110
- McKight, P. E., "Kruskal wallis test", The corsini encyclopedia of psychology, 1~1 (2010)
- Meyer, B., "Employee psychological well-being during the COVID-19 pandemic in Germany : A longitudinal study of demands, resources, and exhaustion", International Journal of Psychology, 56(4), pp.532~550 (2021)[DOI]
- Ofei-Dodoo, S., "Loneliness, burnout, and other types of emotional distress among family medicine physicians : results from a national survey", The Journal of the American Board of Family Medicine, 34(3), pp.531~541 (2021)[DOI]
- Rasdi, R. M., "Financial insecurity During the COVID-19 pandemic : Spillover effects on burnout-disengagement relationships and performance of employees who moonlight", Frontiers in Psychology, 12, pp.610138~ (2021)[DOI]
- Rink, L. C., "Characterizing burnout and resilience among nurses : A latent profile analysis of emotional exhaustion, emotional thriving and emotional recovery", Nursing Open, 10(11), pp.7279~7291 (2023)[DOI]
- Ronen, S., "Gender differences in engineers’ burnout", Equal Opportunities International, 27(8), pp.677~691 (2008)[DOI]
- Russell, D. W., "UCLA Loneliness Scale(Version 3) : Reliability, validity, and factor structure", Journal of personality assessment, 66(1), pp.20~40 (1996)[DOI]
- Schaufeli, W. B., "Burnout : 35 years of research and practice", Career Development International, 14(3), pp.204~220 (2009)[DOI]
- Schaufeli, W. B., "The MBI-General Survey" (1996), Maslach Burnout Inventory
- Shapiro, J., "Residency as a social network : burnout, loneliness, and social network centrality", Journal of Graduate Medical Education, 7(4), pp.617~623 (2015)[DOI]
- Shin, J. Y., "A latent profile analysis of living a calling, burnout, exploitation, and work–life imbalance", Journal of Career Development, 49(4), pp.816~830 (2022)[DOI]
- Soares, J. J. F., "Burnout among women : associations with demographic", socio-economic, work, life-style and health factors, 2007, pp.10, 61~71
- Tlili, M. A., "Prevalence of burnout among health sciences students and determination of its associated factors", Psychology, health &medicine, 26(2), pp.212~220 (2021)[DOI]
- Üngüren, E, "The moderator role of financial well-being on the effect of job insecurity and the COVID-19 anxiety on burnout : A research on hotel-sector employees in crisis", Sustainability, 13(16), pp.9031~ (2021)[DOI]
- Van De Schoot, R., "The GRoLTS-checklist : guidelines for reporting on latent trajectory studies", Structural Equation Modeling : A Multidisciplinary Journal, 24(3), pp.451~467 (2017)[DOI]
- Vargas Rubilar, N., "Stress and burnout in teachers during times of pandemic", Frontiers in psychology, 12, pp.756007~ (2021)[DOI]
- Wang, J., "Structural equation modeling: Applications using Mplus" (2019), John Wiley & Sons
- Zhang, L., "Gender differences in the experience of burnout and its correlates among Chinese psychiatric nurses during the COVID-19 pandemic : A large sample nationwide survey", International Journal of Mental Health Nursing, 31(6), pp.1480~1491 (2022)[DOI]
