COVID-19 팬데믹 동안 간호사들의 외상 후 스트레스 증상과 외상 후 성장에 대한 잠재프로파일분석: 소진에 미치는 영향과 예측변인 탐색
A Latent Profile Analysis of Posttraumatic Stress Symptoms and Posttraumatic Growth among Nurses during COVID-19 Pandemic: Exploring Impacts on Burnout and Predictive Variables
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COVID-19 팬데믹 동안 이례적으로 증가한 업무량 및 감염에 대한 공포와 위협 등으로 인해, 의료인력, 특히 간호사들은 상당한 심리적 영향을 받은 것으로 보고되었다. 본 연구는 팬데 믹 동안 간호사들의 정신건강 상태가 외상 후 스트레스 증상과 외상 후 성장 측면에서 어떻 게 분류되는지 잠재프로파일분석을 통해 살펴보고, 이들이 소진에 미치는 영향과 예측 변인 들을 탐색하였다. 분석 결과, 6개 잠재집단(상대적 무반응 집단, 부적응 집단, 투쟁 및 비효과 적 대처 집단, 성장 및 안정화 집단, 성장 및 투쟁 과정 집단, 투쟁 및 대처 실패 집단)으로 분류되는 것이 가장 적합하였고, 각 집단이 서로 다른 특징을 보인다는 점이 MANOVA와 잠 재프로파일 회귀모형으로 지지되었다. 또한 잠재집단에 따라 소진 수준에 유의한 차이가 있 는 것으로 나타났다. 마지막으로, 의도적 반추, 적응적 인지적 정서조절전략, 부적응적 인지 적 정서조절전략, 그리고 친구의 지지에 따라 참가자의 잠재집단 분류가 유의하게 달라졌다. 본 연구결과를 통하여 팬데믹 동안 의료진의 고통과 성장의 경험 양상을 확인하였고, 잠재프 로파일에 따라 심리개입의 초점이 달라질 필요가 있음이 시사되었다.
Abstract
The unprecedented COVID-19 pandemic placed significant psychological strain on healthcare workers, especially nurses, due to increased workloads and fears of infection. This study used latent profile analysis to classify nurses’ mental health during the pandemic in terms of posttraumatic stress symptoms and posttraumatic growth. It also examined the impact on burnout and related predictive variables. Participants were categorized into six latent groups: the relative non-response group, maladaptive group, struggling and ineffective coping group, growth and stabilization groups, growth and struggling group, and struggling and failed coping group. These classifications were significantly influenced by factors such as deliberate rumination, adaptive and maladaptive cognitive emotional regulation strategies, and friend support. Notably, burnout levels varied significantly across the latent groups. The findings suggest that nurses could experience both psychological distress and growth simultaneously during the pandemic, highlighting the need for tailored psychological interventions based on different latent profiles.
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